碩士 / 國立臺灣海洋大學 / 食品科學系 / 101 / Abstract
This study investigated the effect of air exposure on the proliferation of erythroid cells in the head kidney and blood of common carp. In order to produce a controlable stress conditions, we exposed the fish to air for 2 h then them returned to the aquarium for another 2 h. This process was repeated one to six times. The common carp experienced to different stressed degree, i.e., control (resting fish), A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6 (air exposure 2h ×1, ×2, ×3, ×4, ×5 and ×6) and R1, R2 (recovery after 2 and 4d) were obtained. The results showed that the whole blood cell zinc concentration in the control was 4.06±1.18 μg/ml whole blood. However, the whole blood cell zinc concentration in the A3 group significantly increased to 37.9±20.7 μg/ml whole blood, being 9.3 times higher than the control. In the A4, A5 and A6 groups, the whole blood cell zinc concentration still significantly higher than the control, being 8.0, 4.8 and 4.6 times, respectively. In the recovery groups (R1 and R2), the whole blood cell zinc concentrations were not significantly different from the control. When the blood was divided into plasma and cells, it was found that in the A3 group approximately 90% of the zinc increase in the common carp blood came from its cells.
The hematological examinations of the common carp revealed that the mean red blood cell (RBC) level in control group was 0.81 ± 0.22 × 106 cell/mm3. Only in the recovery group (R1), the RBC level significantly increased 1.44 times than the control group. All the other groups showed no significant difference from the control group. The hemoglobin (Hb) levels in A3, A5, R1 and R2 groups were significantly lower than the control group being only about 50% of the control. In addition, the mean corpuscular hemoglobin content (MCH) in all these groups were also lower than the control, which are also about 50% of the control. It is reported that the immature red blood cell in fish differ from the mature ones by a small volume, and a lower hemoglobin level. The hematological studies indicate that a lot of immature red blood cells were formed in the A3 and A5 groups. The “saline solution of 50% hemolysis” and “hemolysis in 0.38% saline solution” of the common carp blood were determined. It was found that the hemolysis in A3, A5, R1 and R2 groups were significantly lower than the control.
Zinc concentration in the head kidney cells of common carp subjected to air exposure were studied. The results showed that the zinc significant increased in the A3, A5 and R1 groups, being 5.5, 8.8 and 8.8 times, respectively, higher than the control. The head kidney cells of the stressed common carp were observed under light microscopic examination. It was found that the immature red blood cell in the head kidney and blood increase following the increase of the zinc level in the head kidney.
Based on these results, it is concluded that when the common carp were air exposed, within 6 h no erythroid cells were found in the common carp blood. However, 26 h after the experiment (A3 group), a lot of immature red blood cells were observed in the common carp blood, these immature red blood cells came from the head kidney. These immature red blood cells were proliferated by the stimulation of zinc in the head kidney, because the head kidney zinc concentration in the A3 group were 5.5 times higher than the control group. It was reported that zinc can protect the integrity of the cell membrane to tolerate hemolysis, besides, it is also known that binding of zinc to the hemoglobin could increase oxygen affinity. One important reason why common carp can tolerate hypoxia, may be because they can proliferate immature red blood rapidly, only within 1d.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/101NTOU5253035 |
| Date | January 2013 |
| Creators | Hong-Han Chen, 陳弘瀚 |
| Contributors | Sen-Shyong Jeng, 鄭森雄 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 31 |
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