碩士 / 國立新竹教育大學 / 臺灣語言與語文教育研究所 / 102 / This thesis is a study of the [ʒ-, v-] onsets in Hsinchu Hai-lu and Raoping Hakka dialects. There are several Hakka sub-dialects in Taiwan, including Sixian, Hai-lu, and Raoping etc. Among these Hakka sub-dialects, both Hai-lu and Raoping have the onset [ʒ-], but Sixian does not. The different distributions of the [ʒ-, v-] onsets are one of the main distinctive features between Hai-lu and Raoping.This thesis compares the phonological system in Hsinchu Hai-lu and Raoping Hakka dialects first. And then, based on the different distributions of the [ʒ-, v-] onsets between Hai-lu and Raoping found in the literature, a field investigation has been carried out to verify whether the differences hold true between Hsinchu Hailu and Raoping Hakka. Furthermore, an analysis of the distributions of the [ʒ-] [v-] onsets in the two sub-dialects is done with the Optimality Theory (OT).
In the literature, correspondent [ʒ-] onset words in Hai-lu and Raoping differ in that a medial [-i-] often follows [ʒ-] initial in Raoping, but not in Hailu. Based on this difference, a careful field investigation has been carried out to collect the [ʒ-] initial words pronounced by two elder speakers and two young speakers in both Raoping and Hailu, and an acoustic analysis of the [ʒ-] onset and the medial [-i-] of the collected data follows. In syllables like [ʒa-]爺、[ʒo-]羊, usually an [-i-] appears in the Raoping elder speakers, but it is rarely found in the speaking of Hailu elders and young speakers in both dialects. In [ʒ-] syllables with [-u-] as nucleus, medial [-i-] is hardly found in both Hailu and Raoping. With careful listening and spectrogram analysis, this thesis concludes that the onset of [ʒu] is pronounced as [ʐ] in both two sub-dialects. In sum, for [ʒ-]-initial words in Raoping, the medial [-i-] varies with ages and syllable structures.
After an overall comparison of all the [ʒ-, v-]-initial words in both Hai-lu and Raoping , a critical condition is found for the [ʒ-, v-] variation words between Hailu and Raoping¸ i.e. words which is [ʒ-]-onset in Hai-lu but [v-]-onset in Raoping are all ended in coronal coda and have both [+round] and [-back] features in the nucleus. Since the phonological environment is quite specific, it means that the differed distribution should be triggered by phonological motivations; therefore, this thesis adopts an OT approach to find out the related constraints and rankings of the distribution and brings out a well-motivated explanation for this variation.
With the different rankings a set of universal constraints in OT, the motivations of obstruents proliferation and choices between [ʒ-] and [v-] onsets for Hailu and Raoping are explained in the thesis. Since [ʒ-, v-] and [ʃ-, f-] pairs share the same feature distinction, the distributions of [ʒ- , v-] onsets further infer that the variation between the [fi]-like words in Raoping and the [ʃui]-like words in Hai-lu has undergone the same development like [ʒ- , v-].
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/102NHCT5625006 |
| Date | January 2014 |
| Creators | 黃淑景 |
| Contributors | 劉秀雪 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
Page generated in 0.006 seconds