碩士 / 國立中山大學 / 生物科學系研究所 / 103 / Soil invertebrates are important consumers and decomposers in the ecological system. They crumble the litterfall, decompose them, facilitate the circulation of materials, and promote the energy flow in ecosystem. Their community structure is influenced by physical factors and is varied spatio-temporally. This study was aimed at investigating the dynamic composition of soil invertebrates among the four seasons in the high altitude area around Yushan Hiking Trails and Mt. Ling-jih Hiking Trails. From December 2013 to November 2014, we used pitfall traps to collect samples in the four sample plots: mixed forest, hemlock forest, fir forest, and shrub area. For each sample plot in each season, eight pitfall traps were set for one week to collect soil invertebrates. The 128 collected samples included 322793 soil invertebrates which can be further categorized into 24 taxonomic groups (3 phyla and 21 orders). Among them, the collembola was frequently observed in spring and summer in the fir forest. They were the dominant species in each sample plot in each season, occupying 98.9% of the samples. The ordering of the frequently observed soil invertebrates in other seasons and sample plots was acarina, diptera, coleoptera, araneae, and hymenoptera. The number of taxonomic groups differed significantly among the four sample plots. Mixed forest was the largest and the shrub area was the smallest. In addition, the number of biological groups decreased with the increase of altitude. As for the influence of time, the number of biological groups was the largest in summer and the samllest in spring. Concerning the degree of similarity of the community structure of soil inverebrates, the degree between the mixed forest and the fir forest was the highest, but that between the hemlock forest and the shrub area was the lowest. Furthermore, the degree of similarity between summer and autumn was high, and that between summer and spring was low. Thus the degree of similarity of community structure varied according to the different altitude and seasons. The index of biodiversity from Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index demonstrated the similar trend of variation in the sample plots and in the four seasons. As for the variation in the sample plots, hemlock forest was the greatest, mixed forest second, shrub area third, and fir forest the least. Regarding the variation among the four seasons, autumn was the greatest, winter second, spring third, and summer the least. However, Simpson dominance index showed the reverse tendency. The climatic factors (e.g., average temperature, minimum temperature, rainfal, sunshine-hour and visibility) and the soil environmental factors (e.g., available calcium, available magnesium, zinc, sodium and conductivity) were the significant factors affecting the number of taxonomic groups, the index of biodiversity, and abundance in soil invertebrates in the high altitude.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/103NSYS5112034 |
| Date | January 2015 |
| Creators | Tsung-Chia Liu, 劉崇加 |
| Contributors | Hsueh-Wen Chang, 張學文 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 54 |
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