碩士 / 國立臺灣海洋大學 / 食品科學系 / 104 / Sturgeon is an important cultured fish with high economic value in Taiwan. The processing by-products such as skin, bone and fin constitute up to 55% of the original raw material. However, few researches have been done on their nutritional and functional compositions. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the characterization of biochemical composition and collagen of sturgeon by-products. The crude protein contents in the skin and bone were 25 and 13%, and crude fat were 8 and 14%, respectively. Fin contained 17% protein, 9% ash and a very low level of lipid. The pH value of skin, fin and bone ranged from 6.68 to 7.27 with a low amount of ammonia. Taurine, alanine, β-alanine and histidine were the major free amino acids (FAAs) in skin, fin and bone. Moreover, total FAA (93.75 mg/100 g) in sturgeon skin was higher than other tissues. Carnosine was found in trace in bone (11.76 mg/100 g) while it was not detected in other tissiues. The dominant fatty acids in skin were C16:0, C16:1, C18:1, C20:0 and C16:0, C16:1, C18:1, C18:2, C22:6 in bone, respectively. Besides, the amount of unsaturated fatty acids was higher than saturated fatty acids. Sturgeon fin was rich in calcium, phosphorus and sodium. The yield of chondroitin including chondroitin-4-sulfate and chondroitin-6-sulfate extracted from fish bone was 4.48%. The amount of the later chondroitin was higher than the former. The yields of acid soluble collagen (ASC) extracted from skin, fin and bone of sturgeon were 10.82, 13.22 and 12.26%, respectively. The ASCs were heterotrimers with α1 and α2 chains, indicating that the ASCs were type I collagen. The profiles of SDS-PAGE were similar to that of calf skin collagen type. The major amino acids of collagen were glycine and proline. Except for hydroxyproline, amino acid composition in skin, fin and bone collagen were similar. Water holding capacity of skin, fin and bone collagen were 18.63, 8.17 and 16.28 H2O µL/mg, while oil binding capacity were 17.13, 22.66 and 19.25 oil g/g, respectively. A sharp decrease in solubility was observed in the presence of NaCl above 2% (w/v) and pH above 6, and denaturation temperatures were 29, 23 and 25℃, respectively. Sturgeon skin, bone and fin collagens exhibited characteristic peaks of amide A, B, I, II, III. The major peaks in the collagen spectra were similar to those of collagens purified from other fish species. In conclusion, sturgeon by-products contain high amount of protein and functional compounds such as taurine, unsaturated fatty acid, minerals, chondroitin and collagen. Based on these results, these by-products might have the potential for the development of food, medical and cosmetic industries.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/104NTOU5253011 |
| Date | January 2016 |
| Creators | Chen, You-Xin, 陳又新 |
| Contributors | Shiau, Chyuan-Yuan, 蕭泉源 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 59 |
Page generated in 0.0135 seconds