碩士 / 國立臺灣海洋大學 / 環境生物與漁業科學學系 / 104 / Aquaculture is one of the fast-growing industries in this century. Due to the rapid decline of fisheries resources, aquaculture still has great potential for the future growth. However, facing many environmental challenges, aquaculture is required to introduce EAA management to achieve sustainable development. This study is focusing on the theory EAA, finding EAA’s relevant factors and indicators, collecting EAA’s international instrument and national acts, policies, practices and applications of innovative technology, to summarize the suggestion for developing and implementing EAA management. The results are summarized as follows:
Aquaculture is worldwide suggested to introduce the goal of sustainable development and EAA is regarded as a strategy to achieve aforementioned goal. Such strategy should be guided by three main principles: (1) Maintain the resilience capacity of the ecosystem function; (2) Improve human well-being and equity for all relevant stakeholders; and (3) Be developed in the context of (and integrated to) other relevant sectors. To implement EAA management, the first priority is to find the positive and negative impact and quantiry indicators for EAA-related factors such as: broodstock, aquatic seed, energy use, carbon emission, water and land use, organic emission, diseases, chemical use, etc. Besides, before implementing any measures, it is important to evaluate the character of local ecosystem and analysis every EAA factors including the interaction among themselves, through a broad scope.
In 1976, the “Kyoto Declaration on Aquaculture” attracted the international attention on the contribution of aquaculture to food security and marine resources conservation. In 1995, FAO adopted “Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries” that affirmed the importance of EAA to aquaculture development. Besides, responding the degradation of international aquatic animal health, the OIE adopted “Aquatic Animal Health Code”, to facilitate international cooperation on disease research and prevention. Besides, many international aquaculture certifications have also adopted EAA issues into their standards.
Following the aforementioned international trend, many countries has implemented EAA management. Considering aquaculture is a interdisciplinary industry and may be governed by different authorities of center and local government, Norway has enacted Aquaculture Act to manage the EAA issues, and Japan also has encouraged the private associations participating EAA management according to local condition. In addition, to improve the efficiency of EAA management, some countries also promote the innovative technology, such as: (1) substitute fish meal and oil, (2)establishment of information system of aquaculture area, (3)environment-friendly facility and equipment, (4)molecular breeding (5) fish vaccination, (6)diversified IMTA technologies, (7)biological control (8)open ocean aquaculture technology, etc.
Looking ahead for the future, accompanied by the increasing attention on Environment protection, the importing countries and consumers will demand the Eco-friendly aquatic products. Hence, Sustainability, traceability and responsibility will be the important trend for aquaculture. Therefore, it is necessary to implement EAA management, to ensure sustainable development and enhance competitiveness of product, building an Eco-friendly and everlasting aquaculture industry.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/104NTOU5451037 |
| Date | January 2016 |
| Creators | Wang, Chun-Deng, 王俊等 |
| Contributors | Ou, Ching-Hsiewn, 歐慶賢 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 342 |
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