碩士 / 國立中央大學 / 歷史研究所在職專班 / 105 / Taiwan Public Highway Transportation Company had gone into service for 69 years, contributing a lot to Taiwan highway traffic and transportation. The history spanned from the year 1933, when State-owned Bus Line Company started its operation under Japanese rule, to the year 2011, when the operation of Taiwan Motor Transportation Company came to an end. In order to support the railway transportation, the State-owned Bus Line Company under Japanese rule had been set up, contributing a lot to the operation and the revenue. In the postwar period, the State-owned Bus Line Company had been taken over by Taiwan Highway Bureau, which obviously intended to separate the management of the highway transportation from that of the railway transportation. Based on my thesis, there appeared an obvious discrepancy in the business objectives and operation between the State-owned Bus Line Company and the Taiwan Highway Bureau. The objectives of the institution—the Taiwan Highway Bureau—was to support the Private Bus Line Company as well as to make the “state-owned main road / privately-owned country road” policy of Taiwan highway transportation, intending to make the whole-island transportation connection between the countries, towns and cities.
The operation route of the Taiwan Highway Bureau included not only the North-South thruway but also the regional routes in the countries. It was hard to ignore the Taiwan Highway Bureau Buses, which were literally around each corner of Taiwan. The Taiwan Highway Bureau played a crucial role in the establishment and recovery of Taiwan in the postwar period. Althrough it inevitably competed against the Taiwan Raiway Bureau, the former’s flexibility made up for the deficient supporting routes of the latter. Therefore, people relied more on the highway transportation than on that of the railway when they needed to travel from the north to the south of Taiwan.
With the rapid economic development in Taiwan, the need for transportation increased. However, due to the humble financial situation of the government, the Taiwan Highway Bureau couldn’t make an aggressive investment in traffic and transportation, in spite of its literal growth in operation. On the other hand, the Privately-owned Bus Line Company refused to run the low-occupancy route and the application for the operation route appeared quite tricky for private transportation companies. Therefore, the “state-owned main road / privately-owned country road” policy was never implemented. The social economic situation had changed, but the government which failed to offer enough transportation routes still held on to the power over route control, refusing to grant it to public access. All these reasons led to two results: the yearly increase of private vehicles and the rise of illegal Bus Line Companies.
Due to the economic growth, the highway development, but the flawed traffic and tranportation network, the main highways of the western Taiwan had become crowded since 1960s. The construction of road-widening and newly-built road couldn’t get up to speed on the increase of private vehicles. After Sun Yat-sen Freeway had come into service, the event became a milestone for the Taiwan North-South traffic and transportation history. Meanwhile, the Taiwan Highway Bureau Company dominated the power to run and focused the operation route on the Freeway, a policy which made the business reach a peak. However, three reasons result in the decline of the Taiwan Highway Bureau Company. The first reason was the flawed traffic and transportation network. Second, the wrong policy of dealing with illegal Bus Line Companies led to a huge financial loss. Third, the rapid increase of private vehicles made terrible traffic jam on the freeway during the holiday. People thus felt intimidated by traffic congestion and prefered to choose the air or railway transportation. In the end, the revenue of the Taiwan Highway Company decreased, and mounting debts doomed the company to closure.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/105NCU05493016 |
| Date | January 2017 |
| Creators | Tsung-Hsien Wu, 吳宗憲 |
| Contributors | Li-Yon Lee, 李力庸 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 216 |
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