碩士 / 輔英科技大學 / 環境工程與科學系碩士班 / 106 / The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World Health Organization (World Health Organization, WHO) issued an amendment to the emission of particulate matter pollution (black smoke) from diesel vehicles from suspected carcinogens to affirmative carcinogens in June 2012. It has been identified as Category 1 carcinogens so it is necessary to regulate the emissions of diesel vehicles.
Kaohsiung is a smart city with a booming economy in Taiwan. Kaohsiung Port is also an important port area for import and export. According to the research data of the 2010 China Technical Journal - Kaohsiung Port Container Terminals, the total number of vehicles entering and leaving the port area was about 122,000 vehicles, and about 77,000 vehicles on holidays. Among them, the estimated number of diesel vehicles such as large trucks and connected vehicles accounted for approximately 28.1%. The air pollution discharge of Kaohsiung Port is the highest of the five major commercial ports in Taiwan. The annual emissions of NOX (nitrogen oxides) and SOX (sulfur oxides) exceed 10,000 tons. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Communications, there are about 30,000 large-scale diesel vehicles in Kaohsiung City, which is the largest in this country. About 25,000 diesel vehicles enter and exit the Kaohsiung Port area from other cities and counties every day, resulting in PM2.5 accounting for approximately 10% in Kaohsiung City.
This study is mainly based on the diesel vehicles carrying cargoes in the Kaohsiung Port area. The purpose of the study is to examine the effectiveness of diesel vehicle inspections in Kaohsiung Port Area, and to understand the average degree of pollution, vehicle type distribution of diesel vehicles operated in Kaohsiung Port Area and the effectiveness of the inspection and control of diesel vehicles in Kaohsiung Port Area. This study combines the independent management of diesel vehicles, the license plate identification system, the visual inspection of motor vehicles and the roadside interception operations to collect data for further analysis. The diesel engine exhaust smoke detection results serve as evidence for the improvement of pollution control. In addition, the distribution of large-scale diesel vehicles got in and out the Kaohsiung Harbor District before and after the announcement to designate the “Low-contamination Carrier Demonstration Operating Area” was also discussed.
As a result, it was found that the number of self-management of diesel vehicles had increased by at least 2 times compared with previous years; the compliance ratio of self-management A1-A3 raised from 6.2% before the announcement of the “Low-Contaminated Vehicle Demonstration Operation Zone” to 16.6%. The average emission level of diesel vehicle emissions dropped from 34.9% in 2011 to 26.7% in 2014. The average light absorption coefficient decreased from 1.32 m-1 in 2015 to 1.15 m-1 in 2017. The ratio of unqualified diesel vehicles was 27.9% in 2011, it had dropped to 12.4% in 2017. In addition, the pollution control of each container center was explored. The average emission level decreased from 39.3% to 27.5% in the third container center, and the average light absorption coefficient decreased from 1.60 m-1 to 0.99 m-1 in the sixth container center. According to the roadside interception data of diesel vehicles, the ratio of vehicles belonged to Phase 1 ~ Phase 3 had dropped from 86.5% in 2016 to 82.5% in 2017. The ratio of vehicles belonged to Phase 4 and Phase 5 had increased from 13.5% in 2016 to 17.5% in 2017. According to the information obtained from license plate identification system, the proportion of vehicles belonged to Phase 1 ~ Phase 3 dropped from 60.2% in 2016 to 55.0% in 2017. The proportion of vehicles belonged to Phase 4 and Phase 5 increased from 39.8% in 2016 to 45.0% in 2017. The proportion of old vehicles declined. In contrast, the ratio of new vehicles increased slightly. It is suggested that government should step up propaganda and promotion of "low-pollution vehicle demonstration operation areas" and extend the control experience of Kaohsiung Port Area to other ports. And making high-pollution diesel vehicles gradually disappear.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/106FY000515005 |
| Date | January 2018 |
| Creators | MA, YI-MING, 馬義明 |
| Contributors | CHEN, CHIH-YU, 陳世裕 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 96 |
Page generated in 0.0271 seconds