碩士 / 國立中山大學 / 環境工程研究所 / 106 / Taiwan is located at the eastern edge of the Eurasian Continent. Atmospheric
mercury accompaning with other air pollutants could be long-range transported to Japan,
Korea, Hawaii, and even arrived the western coast of North America. It could also move
southward and cause influences on Taiwan. There have been several cooperate on
investigating the concentration distribution of atmospheric speciated mercury and
cross-boundary transport in Taiwan. However, very few studies focus on the
spatiotemporal variation and long-range transport of anthropogenic pollutants in the
region of southern Taiwan Strait and northern South China Sea. The cross-boundary
transport of atmospheric speciated mercury in the sea-land areas has not yet been
quantified, mainly due to the jurisdiction of interested countries in Taiwan Strait and
South China Sea and the dispute over the sovereignty of islands in South China Sea.
Thus, the scholars from Taiwan and Southeast Asian countries have less opportunities
to cooperate on the distribution and long-range transport of atmospheric speciated
mercury in this region.
The objectives of this study was to conduct the simultaneous sampling of
atmospheric speciated mercury in the Penghu Islands (southern Taiwan Strait), the
Dongsha Islands (northern South China Sea) and the Nansha Islands (southern South
China Sea). This study also applied NOAA-HYSPLIT backward trajectories and global
fire maps to plot the transport routs of atmospheric air masses and further correlated
with the meteorological parameters and the criteria air pollutants. Finally, the
atmospheric speciated mercury concentrations measured in this study were compared
with those at major cities and islands in the world.
Field measurement results showed that the seasonal variation of GEM, GOM, and
PHg were ordered as: spring> winter > fall > summer, summer > spring > winter >fall,
and spring> winter> fall> summer, respectively. The average concentration of GEM,
GOM and PHg were 2.53±0.73 ng/m3, 24.62±7.32 pg/m3, and 0.21±0.090 ng/m3,
respectively. The highest GEM, GOM, and PHg concentrations were commonly
observed at the Penghu Islands. Moreover, TGM (=GEM+GOM) was the main mercury
species in the atmospheric mercury, apportioning as 92.46~96.17% TGM and
3.83~8.70% PHg.
Results obtained from backward trajectories, global fire maps, and
meteorological data showed that air masses were mainly came from Philippines,
Western Pacific Ocean, and Central China during the sampling periods, with the
frequencies of 27.72%、25.71% , and 25.27%, respectively, while the concentrations
of GEM were 2.29±0.46, 2.90±0.53, and 2.68±0.55 ng/m3, respectively. Air masses
were blown mainly from the Western Pacific Ocean in summer, resulting in much lower
GEM concentrations than other seasons. In fall, winter, and spring, air masses
originated from northern China, Central China, Japan, and Korea were transported to
the coastal region of northern China and turned clockwisely to the Taiwan Strait due to
cold anticyclone system moved southeasterly. However, air masses were blown mainly
from the Philippines in Nansha Island.
Comparing with East Asian islands and major cities in the world indicated that the
concentrations of atmospheric speciated mercury at the Nansha Islands was close to the
atmospheric mercury background concentration of the Northern Hemisphere, while the
concentrations of atmospheric speciated mercury at other two sampling sites were
generally lower than those in East Asia and mainland China, but higher than those in
Japan, Europe, and the United States.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/106NSYS5515030 |
| Date | January 2018 |
| Creators | Kuo-ning Hung, 洪國寧 |
| Contributors | Yuan, C.S., 袁中新 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 141 |
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