Orientador: Pedro Luis da Costa Aguiar Alves / Coorientador: Rogério Falleiros Carvalho / Banca: Priscila Lupino Gratão / Banca: Tiago Pereira Salgado / Banca: Mariluce Pascoina Nepomuceno / Resumo: As plantas emitem sinais a fim de acionar respostas de defesa ao estresse sofrido pela baixa radiação solar (sombreamento), que pode ser causado pela presença de outras plantas. O fitormônio ácido jasmônico (AJ) pode fazer parte das respostas das plantas ao sombreamento. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar a participação do AJ nas respostas do tomateiro (Solanum lycopersicum L.), híbrido Heinz 9553, ao sombreamento artificial e à competição com a planta daninha Raphanus raphanistrum L. O primeiro experimento foi realizado em duas épocas do ano (outono-inverno e primavera-verão). O tomateiro foi cultivado sob sombreamento artificial (sombrite) e luz natural (ambiente sem cobertura), e aplicou-se metil-jasmonato (MeJA - 0; 0,15; 0,25 e 0,50 mM) e ibuprofeno (IBU - 0; 1,25; 2,5 e 5,0 mM) aos 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias após o transplante das mudas. Observou-se que a condição luminosa teve maior efeito nas respostas apresentadas pelas plantas do que o MeJA e o IBU, independente da concentração aplicada. Os efeitos nas análises bioquímicas foram mais pronunciados, mas não houve diferenças nas análises de crescimento. O segundo experimento consistiu em manter o tomateiro H9553 sob sombreamento promovido pela planta daninha R. raphanistrum L. (nabiça). Estudou-se a competição sob diferentes densidades da planta daninha (0, 11, 16 e 22 plantas m-2), sendo aplicado o MeJA (0,50 mM) no tomateiro. Os resultados mostraram que em condições de alto nível de sombreamento, o aumento da quantid... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Plants emit signals in order to trigger defense responses to the stress of low solar radiation (shading), which may be caused by the presence of other plants. Jasmonic acid phormonium (JA) may be part of the plants responses to shading. The aims of this work were to evaluate the participation of JA in tomato responses (Solanum lycopersicum L.), Heinz 9553 hybrid, to artificial shading and competition with the weed Raphanus raphanistrum L. The first experiment was carried out at two seasons of the year (autumn-winter and spring-summer). Tomatos were cultivated under artificial shading (sombrite) and natural light (uncovered environment), and methyl jasmonate (MeJA: 0, 0.15, 0.25 and 0.50 mM) and ibuprofen (IBU: 0, 1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 mM) were applied at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after transplanting the seedlings. It was observed that the light condition had greater effect on the responses presented by the plants than the MeJA and the IBU, regardless of the applied concentration. The effects on biochemical analyzes were more pronounced, but there were no differences in growth analyzes. The second experiment consisted in keeping tomato H9553 under shading promoted by the weed R. raphanistrum L. (radish). Competition was studied under different densities of R. raphanistrum (0, 11, 16 and 22 plants m-2), and the MeJA (0.50 mM) was applied to the tomato. The results showed that in conditions of high shading, increasing the amount of JA did not interfere in the development of the plants and did not affect productivity, but the greatest effect on the crop was due to the low luminosity. Thus, in general, it can be concluded that the accumulation of JA is involved with conditions of low R:FR ratio, such as shading, but its effects on the plant due to this condition are not accentuated. However, further studies need to be performed on non-model plants to further assess JA participation in shaded plants. / Doutor
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:UNESP/oai:www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br:UEP01-000912685 |
| Date | January 2018 |
| Creators | Orzari, Izabela. |
| Contributors | Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias. |
| Publisher | Jaboticabal, |
| Source Sets | Universidade Estadual Paulista |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | 103 p. |
| Relation | Sistema requerido: Adobe Acrobat Reader |
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