Both the solar photovoltaic (PV) installation and electric vehicles (EVs) deployment are increasing significantly in Sweden. With the large-scale integration of PV and EVs, problems such as the voltage deviations and overloading of components can arise, since the existing distribution grids are not designed to host the large shares of new EV loads and the intermittent PV power feed-in. This thesis investigates a C2V2C (i.e., Community to EV to Community) energy flow concept and evaluates how it can improve the power balance performances in communities with both PV and EV integrated in Sweden. Community refers to a group of buildings (i.e., two or more) connected within the same microgrid. It aims to develop a C2V2C model, which utilizes smart charging of electric vehicles to deliver electricity between different communities, for improving the performances at multiple-community-level. A coordinated control of EV smart charging is developed using the genetic algorithm, and its performance is compared with an existing individual control. Two control strategies are considered: (i) minimizing the peak energy exchanges with the grid and (ii) minimizing the electricity costs. Case studies are conducted considering a residential community and workplace community, as well as one EV commuting between them. The study results show that the advanced control achieves a cost reduction of up to 280 % in a summer week compared to the individual control. In a winter week, a performance improvement of up to 13 % can be achieved using advanced control. The advanced control can also reduce the energy exchange peaks with the power grid of the multiple communities. This study has proven the effectiveness of the C2V2C model in enhancing the local power balance at multiple-community-level. It will enhance the resilience and grid-friendliness of building communities, thus paving way for the large PV and EV penetration in the future.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:UPSALLA1/oai:DiVA.org:du-42266 |
| Date | January 2022 |
| Creators | Ocampo Alvarez, Edgar Mauricio |
| Publisher | Högskolan Dalarna, Institutionen för information och teknik |
| Source Sets | DiVA Archive at Upsalla University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Student thesis, info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis, text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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