This report has been written to analyze a newly acquired measurement method within the companyAston Harald Mekaniska Verkstad AB, which is a 3D scanner made by the company Creaform. Thismodel bought has the name Metrascan 3D Black Elite. 3D scanning is an optical measurement methodwhich uses light to create a mesh of a measured object, where it is later compared to a nominal CAD filein the software Polyworks Inspector. To verify this method of measurement, it will be compared to twoother known calibrated and verified methods, which are coordinate measuring machines (CMM) andregular measuring instruments, which includes several kinds of micrometers and general anglemeasuring devices. To analyze and compare these methods an amount of data will be collected, and willbe used to conduct statistical analysis, where the mean/median, normal distribution, standarddeviation, and confidence intervals are included. The report will analyze two different kinds of data,where the first set consists of regular geometries such as linear and circular measurements, as well asseveral kinds of GD&T (Geometric Dimensions and Tolerances). The second set involves more complexgeometries according to the ISO standard ISO 484. The first set of data will be analyzed using amanufactured reference object, made using the aluminum alloy AL-7020 T6. The second set will beanalyzed using a propeller blade borrowed from the company Kongsberg. The results from this reportshow that 3D scanning is not as accurate nor as precise compared to CMM measurement and regularhand measuring instruments and cannot replace these measuring methods entirely. An empiricalformula has been derived from the analyzed data, and tolerance intervals are recommended to beincreased by approximately 0.1 to 1.0 % percent for regular linear and circular measurements dependingon the size of the detail measured. and upwards of 200 percent for GD&T tolerance intervals. However,3D scanning shows a greater promise when it comes to scanning propeller blades, as most measurementpoints were within specification according to the ISO 484 standard, and results can be further improved,such as with a tighter scanning mesh. Quality control and regulation is a topic whose discussion wasdesired, however, due to time constraints and the sensitivity of the scanner equipment, only an FMEAtable of potential error sources has been made for this report. Ergonomically some issues were found,particularly when it comes to static loading of arm muscles and repeated neck movement, both potentialsources for fatigue and injury. Recommended solutions for this include a flexible workstation whereboth the operator and the workpiece can be adjusted for optimal movement with minimal strain onpreviously mentioned body parts. Future improvements include performing a regression analysis ondifferent reference objects with many similar measurement types, for instance 50 holes with differentdiameters, which can lead to direct comparison formulas compared to nominal values. Furthermore,tests can be repeated with eliminating fault sources such as bad lightning.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:UPSALLA1/oai:DiVA.org:kau-96093 |
| Date | January 2023 |
| Creators | Berglund, Roy |
| Publisher | Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap och fysik (from 2013) |
| Source Sets | DiVA Archive at Upsalla University |
| Language | Swedish |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Student thesis, info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis, text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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