Understanding how antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs) affect small intestinal microbiota may help to discover effective alternatives. The impact of dietary supplementation with tylosin phosphate on small intestinal microbial profiles was investigated in growing pigs, and compared with the microbial profile of pigs fed flaxseed or its fractions. Eighteen ileal-cannulated barrows (33.1 +/- 2.4 kg) received either the control diet (C, wheat, peas and soybean meal), or C plus 22 mg/kg tylosin phosphate (T), 20% whole flaxseed (WF), 18% hot-water extracted flaxseed (HWE), 4% flaxseed hulls (H), or 8% flaxseed oil (O) during three 21-d periods in a change over design. Ileal digesta (100 mL) was collected on d 16 and 17 of each period. Two chaperonin-60 universal target (cpn60 UT) libraries were constructed from pooled ileal digesta DNA extracted from the C and T diets. A total of 1634 nucleotide sequences were determined, and 117 different cpn60 UT sequences identified. Microbial diversity was greatest in the C library compared to T. Taxonomic composition between libraries differed, and included Lactobacillales (94% of C and 86% of T sequences), Enterobacteriaceae (3% of C and 13% of T), Clostridiales, Bacillales and Bifidobacterium taxa. T had a reduced ratio of Lactobacillales: Enterobacteriaceae sequences (6:1) compared to C (35:1). Lactobacilli: enterobacteria plate count ratios were highest in WF compared to C or T diets. Lactobacillus johnsonii genomes detected by qPCR were increased by 17.2 and 12%, in T and WF diets, respectively, compared to C. Numbers of L. amylovorus genomes were 25% lower in the H diet compared to C. Numbers of Escherichia coli and Streptococcus alactolyticus genomes were unaffected by dietary treatment, despite differences in library clone frequency for these species. Increased L. johnsonii colonization with tylosin suggests possible probiotic properties of this bacterium. Only inclusion of whole flaxseed resulted in a similar increase in L. johnsonii. Overall, ileal microbial profiles of growing pigs were similar and remained mostly unaffected by dietary tylosin or flaxseed inclusion.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:USASK/oai:usask.ca:etd-04242006-135033 |
| Date | 24 April 2006 |
| Creators | Smith, Laura Faye |
| Contributors | Zijlstra, Ruurd T., Van Kessel, Andrew G., Hill, Janet, Buchanan, Fiona C. |
| Publisher | University of Saskatchewan |
| Source Sets | University of Saskatchewan Library |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | http://library.usask.ca/theses/available/etd-04242006-135033/ |
| Rights | unrestricted, I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained and attached hereto a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee. I hereby grant to University of Saskatchewan or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report. |
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