Cell studies and human cohort interventions have tried to elucidate underlying causes of the metabolic syndrome (MS); however exact molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. Dietary fatty acids have emerged as major factors influencing the development of MS and have been examined through cellular and human investigations in this thesis. A functional marker for insulin sensitivity was developed in a human adipose cell line (SGBS cells) based on suppression of stimulated lipolysis through insulin (P< 0.001). Reduction of lipolysis was evident with arachidonic acid (AA), linoleic acid (LA) at lOOμM with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) at lOμaM (P< 0.001). Sensitivity to insulin was accompanied by increased peroxisome proliferator activator receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) gene expression in EPA (P= 0.001) and AA (P= 0.05) treated cells. Significant decreases in insulin receptor substrate-l (lRS-1) (P= O.OOl) and reduced PPAR-γ gene expression was evident with palmitic acid (PA) at 25μiM. Fatty acid mixtures (saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated (MUFA) mixtures with / without EPA + DHA) significantly decreased noradrenaline stimulated lipolysis (P< 0.001) but PPAR-y expression was reduced with the SFA mixture (P< 0.05).
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:bl.uk/oai:ethos.bl.uk:501355 |
| Date | January 2008 |
| Creators | Kofler, Bettina Maria |
| Publisher | University of Reading |
| Source Sets | Ethos UK |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Electronic Thesis or Dissertation |
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