Recording eye movement behaviour can help us understand visual and cognitive processes, but eye movements also have a communicative role in social and learning interactions by attracting and directing another's attention. This thesis examined whether viewing another person's eye movement patterns could influence the perceptions of observers and facilitate performance during complex tasks. In addition, given that experts demonstrate enhanced visual processing of task-specific items, this thesis also investigated whether it would be more beneficial for observers to view the eye movements of experts rather than novices, and the extent to which observer expertise influences the effectiveness of these gaze cues. Chapter 1 provides an integrative review of eye movement behaviour, expertise, and gaze following, and discusses how eye movements can cue attention. Chapter 2 presents an experiment that explored whether another's eye movement behaviour could increase the likelihood that observers would solve Duncker's radiation problem, whereas Chapters 3-5 reports experiments that examined whether radiographers would benefit from viewing where another person looked for pulmonary nodules during chest x-ray inspection. Chapter 3 found that novice and experienced radiographers performed better when shown the search behaviour of either a novice radiographer or an expert "radiologist. However, Chapter 4 established that only novices consistently improved when shown an expert's search behaviour, and that these benefits only arose when the eye movements shown were related to the search for nodules. Chapter 5 re-examined the contribution of model expertise and found that even a naive observer's search behaviour could help scaffold the decisions made by novices. Chapter 6 discusses these findings and highlights some of the theoretical and methodological issues associated with guiding observers' attention via another person's eye movement patterns.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:bl.uk/oai:ethos.bl.uk:557255 |
| Date | January 2010 |
| Creators | Litchfield, Damien |
| Publisher | Lancaster University |
| Source Sets | Ethos UK |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Electronic Thesis or Dissertation |
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