Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) is an important pathogen that causes infectious disease of cattle worldwide and results in significant economic losses. Vaccination has long been used as a tool for control of BVDV but inadequacies of existing vaccines have hampered eradication efforts. Attempts to develop sub-unit vaccines have focused on the structural envelope protein E2, which is a dominant target of neutralising antibodies and as well as CD4 T cell responses. This study aimed to rationally address the development of more efficacious vaccines by characterising the kinetics and specificity of T cell responses to a BVDV type 1 peptide library in calves rendered immune to BVDV following recovery from experimental infection. Upon identification of E2 and NS3 as the dominant targets of CD4 T cell responses, we assessed whether T cells induced by one virus genotype were capable of responding to a heterologous virus genotype and to identified E2 and NS3 as targets of genotype-specific and genotype transcending responses, respectively. This finding strengthened the argument for inclusion of both antigens in a subunit vaccine formulation. A nanoparticulate formulation of E2 and NS3 adjuvanted with poly(I:C) was shown to induce protective responses comparable to a commercial available BVDV vaccine in a vaccination and challenge experiment. It is hoped that the data generated will have implications for the design of improved vaccines against BVD.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:bl.uk/oai:ethos.bl.uk:635565 |
| Date | January 2015 |
| Creators | Njeri, Victor R. |
| Contributors | Locker, N.; Graham, S. P. |
| Publisher | University of Surrey |
| Source Sets | Ethos UK |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Electronic Thesis or Dissertation |
| Source | http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/807071/ |
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