The primary objective of this thesis was to determine any associations between herbal and dietary supplement (HDS) use and the fast progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Thai outpatients with CKD. The secondary objectives were to determine any associations between HDS use and CKD complications, and the prevalence and reasons for HDS use. A survey recruited 421 outpatients with stages 3 to 5 CKD from two kidney clinics in Thailand, from January to June 2012. A prospective cohort study followed up these respondents, in particular noting their serum creatinine, as well as serum levels of potassium and phosphate, for 12 months. Such data were extracted from patients’ medical notes. Three hundred and fifty-seven respondents were followed up. The exposed group was defined as the current and regular users of HDS, and the primary outcome of the cohort study was defined as either a decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate of at least 5 ml/min/1.73m2/year or the initiation of renal replacement therapy. Sixteen HDS users were recruited from the survey to be interviewed about their reasons for using HDS, using open-ended questions to elicit information in the qualitative study. Exclusion criteria were those with had received renal replacement therapy before recruitment. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the associations using Chi-squared tests and multiple logistic regressions. Tests were 2-tailed and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The prevalence of HDS use during the previous year in Thai patients with CKD was 45% (95%CI 40%-50%). The most frequently reported influences on HDS use in the survey and the qualitative study were family members, friends and perception of benefits gained from using HDS. An association between HDS use and CKD progression was not found (adjusted OR 1.16, 95%CI 0.66 – 2.03). Two respondents (0.6%) had acute kidney injury, which may be related to the use of unknown Chinese herbal medicines or river spiderwort combined with diclofenac; issues which were reported by their doctor in their medical note. HDS use was associated with uncontrolled hyperphosphatemia (adjusted OR 3.53, 95%CI 1.20 – 10.43), possibly due to the HDS used in the cohort study which contained phosphate or vitamin D. Health care providers should closely monitor CKD patients using Chinese herbal medicine, river spiderwort or HDS containing phosphorus or vitamin D. Further studies need to examine renal adverse effects of specific herbal medicines, particularly in relation to acute kidney injury.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:bl.uk/oai:ethos.bl.uk:654931 |
| Date | January 2014 |
| Creators | Tangkiatkumjai, Mayuree |
| Publisher | University of Nottingham |
| Source Sets | Ethos UK |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Electronic Thesis or Dissertation |
| Source | http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/27736/ |
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