The impact of dietary interventions on the functional aspects of HDL has been controversial and poorly studied; therefore, this thesis focused on the differing functions of HDL in subjects with diabetes, and if dietary interventions influenced this function in these subjects. An in vitro investigation into the effect of freezing on HDL stability found that SAA and PON-1 were stable when frozen in serum up to 12 months, although stability was reduced in HDL·. The opposite was true for CETP, suggesting that when an analyte is unstable in its matrix, analysis should be carried out on freshly isolated samples where possible or error minimised with a batch analysis. We also identified in the fasting state that subjects with TID displayed increased SAA- inflammation, while the augmentation of the HDL-associated enzymes to a more proatherogenic phenotype was influenced by both 'hyperglycaemia and obesity. Conversely, in the T2D pilot study, we found that both T2D and obesity did not influence SAAinflammation in these subjects, although obesity may have been responsible for the proatherogenic changes to the HDL-associated enzymes. Additionally, postprandial lipaemia did not further augment the proatherogenic phenotype in either cohort. We also identified antiatherogenic changes in HDL of a T2D cohort following a high F&V diet, suggesting that HDL in this group had increased antioxidant and RCT capabilities, which would ultimately reduce their risk of atherosclerosis and CVD. Overall, we have demonstrated that heightened inflammation can cause HDL dysfunctionality, reducing its ability to participate in RCT. Furthermore, this thesis has provided evidence for the importance of a high F&V diet to reduce oxidative stress and improve HDL functionality. Careful consideration of these results and implementing a revised diet could reduce the risk of CVD, and improve quality of life in those affected by diabetes.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:bl.uk/oai:ethos.bl.uk:673827 |
| Date | January 2014 |
| Creators | Daniels, Jane-Ann |
| Publisher | Queen's University Belfast |
| Source Sets | Ethos UK |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Electronic Thesis or Dissertation |
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