Power and energy efficiency have become major concerns for modern computing systems. Main memory is a key energy consumer and a critical component of system design. Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) is the de-facto technology for main memory in modern computing systems. However, DRAM is unlikely to scale beyond 22nm which restricts the amount of main memory available to a system. Moreover, DRAM consumes significant static energy both in active and idle state due to continuous leakage and refresh power. Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) technology is emerging as a compelling main memory technology due to its high density and low leakage power. Current NVM devices have higher read and write access latencies than DRAM. Unlike DRAM, NVM technology is characterized by asymmetric read and write latencies; with write suffering more than read. Moreover, NVM suffers from higher dynamic access energy and reduced durability than DRAM. This dissertation proposes to leverage a hybrid memory architecture, consisting of both DRAM and NVM, with an aim to reduce energy. An application-level data management policies have been proposed that decide to place data on DRAM ys. NVM. With careful data placement, hybrid memory exhibits the latency and dynamic energy ot DRAM in the common case, while rarely exposing the latency and high dynamic energy of NVM. Moreover, main memory capacity is increased by NVM without expending the static energy of DRAM.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:bl.uk/oai:ethos.bl.uk:706689 |
| Date | January 2016 |
| Creators | Hassan, Ahmad |
| Publisher | Queen's University Belfast |
| Source Sets | Ethos UK |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Electronic Thesis or Dissertation |
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