by Zhao Li. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 148-158). / ACKNOWLEDGMENTS --- p.I / ABSTRACT --- p.II / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.VIII / LIST OF TABLES --- p.X / LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS --- p.XI / LIST OF EQUIPMENTS --- p.XII / LIST OF APPENDICES --- p.XII / ABBREVIATIONS --- p.XIII / Chapter Chapter 1. --- Introduction and Literature Review --- p.1 / Chapter I. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter II. --- Literature Review --- p.6 / Chapter 1.1. --- Foreword --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2. --- Advantages of iontophoresis --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3. --- Historical background --- p.7 / Chapter 1.4. --- Definitions --- p.9 / Chapter 1.5. --- Principles of ionic transport in an electric field --- p.10 / Chapter 1.6. --- Theory and mechanism of iontophoretic delivery --- p.12 / Chapter 1.7. --- Development of iontophoretic devices --- p.13 / Chapter 1.8. --- Process of transdermal drug delivery --- p.14 / Chapter 1.9. --- Clinical application of iontophoresis --- p.14 / Chapter 1.10. --- Present problems of iontophoretic devices --- p.16 / Chapter 1.11. --- Effects of physiochemical factors on iontophoretic delivery --- p.20 / Chapter 1.11.1. --- pH --- p.20 / Chapter 1.11.2. --- Ionic strength --- p.21 / Chapter 1.11.3. --- Buffer solution --- p.21 / Chapter 1.11.4. --- Electrode --- p.22 / Chapter 1.11.5. --- Concentration and temperature --- p.22 / Chapter 1.11.6. --- Molecular weight --- p.22 / Chapter 1.11.7. --- Blood supply --- p.23 / Chapter 1.11.8. --- Pharmaceutical additives --- p.23 / Chapter 1.11.9. --- Four-electrodes system --- p.24 / Chapter 1.11.10. --- Skin properties --- p.24 / Chapter 1.12. --- Future prospect --- p.25 / Chapter Chanter 2. --- Design of PSPDC iontophoretic device / Chapter 2.1. --- Introduction --- p.29 / Chapter 2.2. --- Materials and Methods --- p.30 / Chapter 2.2.1. --- Principle of the new iontophoretic device --- p.30 / Chapter 2.2.2. --- Mechanism of pulsed short-circuit system --- p.32 / Chapter 2.2.3. --- Structure of self-made PSPDC device --- p.34 / Chapter 2.2.4. --- Safety system of the PSPDC device --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2.5. --- Test of the electrical properties of PSPDC device --- p.36 / Chapter 2.3. --- Results --- p.41 / Chapter 2.3.1. --- Efficacy of pulsed short-circuit system --- p.41 / Chapter 2.3.2. --- "Output characteristics of PDC, DC and PSPDC fields" --- p.42 / Chapter 2.3.3. --- Impact energy and depolarization action of PDC and PSPDC fields --- p.47 / Chapter 2.4. --- Discussion and Summary --- p.52 / Chapter 2.4.1. --- Discussion --- p.52 / Chapter 2.4.2. --- Summary --- p.53 / Chapter 2.5. --- Photochrome and Appendix --- p.56 / Chapter Chapter 3. --- Iontophoretic Experiment / Chapter 3.1. --- Introduction --- p.65 / Chapter 3.2. --- Materials and Methods --- p.67 / Materials --- p.67 / Methods --- p.68 / Chapter 3.2.1. --- Permeation experiments of different electric fields-an in vitro study --- p.69 / Chapter 3.2.2. --- Comparison of efficiency between DC and PSPDC-excised skin --- p.70 / Chapter 3.2.3. --- Comparison of permeation efficiency between DC and PSPDC- pedicled skin flap --- p.71 / Chapter 3.2.4. --- In vivo permeation experiment in the rat --- p.72 / Chapter 3.2.5. --- In vivo permeation experiment with the radioisotope labelled molecules --- p.73 / Chapter 3.2.6. --- Clinical observations of PSPDC iontophoresis device --- p.74 / Chapter 3.2.7. --- Experiments on the alteration and recovery of skin impedance under prolonged iontophoresis --- p.75 / Chapter 3.2.8. --- Skin damage by iontophoresis --- p.76 / Chapter 3.3. --- Results: --- p.77 / Chapter 3.3.1. --- Permeation rates of different electric fields (in vitro: excised rat skin) --- p.77 / Chapter 3.3.2. --- Comparison between DC and PSPDC-- excised rat skin --- p.78 / Chapter 3.3.3. --- Comparison between DC and PSPDC-- pedicled skin --- p.79 / Chapter 3.3.4. --- In vivo permeation experiment in the rat --- p.80 / Chapter 3.3.5. --- In vivo permeation experiment with radioisotope labelled molecules --- p.81 / Chapter 3.3.6. --- Alteration and recovers of skin impedance under prolonged iontophoresis --- p.88 / Chapter 3.3.7. --- Observing skin damage by iontophoresis --- p.89 / Chapter 3.3.8. --- Clinical observation of PSPDC iontophoresis device --- p.90 / Chapter 3.4. --- Discussion and summary --- p.91 / Chapter 3.4.1. --- Discussion --- p.91 / Chapter 3.4.2. --- Summary --- p.96 / Chapter 3.5. --- Photochrome and Appendix --- p.97 / Chapter Chapter 4. --- Electrical properties of scar skin and normal skin / Chapter 4.1. --- Introduction --- p.104 / Chapter 4.2. --- Material and method --- p.106 / Chapter 4.2.1. --- Principle of four point measurement method --- p.106 / Chapter 4.2.2. --- Measurement of electrical impedance of scar and skin with four point method --- p.107 / Chapter 4.2.3. --- Principle of three point measurement method --- p.108 / Chapter 4.2.4. --- Measurement of impedance of scar and skin with three point method --- p.110 / Chapter 4.2.5. --- Imitation equivalent circuit of normal skin with two point method --- p.111 / Chapter 4.3. --- Results --- p.113 / Chapter 4.3.1. --- Impedance of scar tissue and skin tissue with four point method --- p.113 / Chapter 4.3.2. --- Measurement of impedance of scar tissue and skin with three point method --- p.117 / Chapter 4.3.3. --- "Relationship of resistance, reactance, impedance and frequency" --- p.123 / Chapter 4.3.4. --- Imitation equivalence circuit of normal skin with point method --- p.124 / Chapter 4.4. --- Discussion and Summary --- p.125 / Chapter 4.4.1. --- Discussion --- p.125 / Chapter 4.4.2. --- Summary --- p.131 / Chapter 4.5. --- Photochrome and Appendix --- p.132 / Chapter Chapter 5. --- General discussion and conclusion / Chapter 5.1. --- General discussion --- p.137 / Chapter 5.2. --- Conclusion --- p.143 / References I --- p.148 / References II --- p.158 / LIST OF FIGURES / Fig. 2. 1. Imitating waveform of 1:1PDC and 12:1 PSPDC fields --- p.32 / Fig. 2. 2. The circuit of Pulsed short-circuit in PSPDC system --- p.32 / Fig. 2. 3. Block diagram of PSPDC system --- p.35 / Fig. 2. 4. Scheme of measuring short-circuit action of PSPDC apparatus --- p.36 / Fig. 2. 5. Measurement of EP of several electric fields --- p.37 / Fig. 2. 6. Measurement of impact energy and depolarization action --- p.39 / Fig. 2. 7. The distribution of permeating current and releasing current --- p.41 / Fig. 2. 8. Comparing the polarization degree of different electric fields --- p.42 / Fig. 2. 9. Comparing alternating current component of electric fields --- p.43
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_321686 |
| Date | January 1996 |
| Contributors | Zhao, Li., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Surgical Sciences. |
| Publisher | Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Source Sets | The Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, bibliography |
| Format | print, xiii, 158 leaves : ill. (some col., mounted) ; 30 cm. |
| Rights | Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
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