Lau Tung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 142-157). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / 摘要 --- p.iii / Acknowledgements --- p.v / Table of Contents --- p.vi / List of Abreviations --- p.x / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Pancreas and its functions --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Structure of pancreas --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Exocrine function --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Endocrine function --- p.7 / Chapter 1.1.3.1 --- Pancreatic islet and islet cells --- p.7 / Chapter 1.1.3.2 --- Regulation of insulin secretion --- p.10 / Chapter 1.1.3.3 --- Mechanism for glucose-stimulated insulin release --- p.14 / Chapter 1.1.3.4 --- Bi-phase response of insulin secretion --- p.16 / Chapter 1.2 --- Pancreatic Renin-Angiotensin System --- p.19 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Circulating RAS and local RAS --- p.19 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- RAS inhibitors --- p.25 / Chapter 1.2.2.1 --- Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor --- p.25 / Chapter 1.2.2.2 --- Non-specific Ang II receptor blocker --- p.28 / Chapter 1.2.2.3 --- Specific AT1 receptor antagonist --- p.29 / Chapter 1.2.2.4 --- Specific AT2 receptor antagonist --- p.30 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- RAS and Pancreas --- p.30 / Chapter 1.2.3.1 --- Expression and localization of pancreatic RAS --- p.30 / Chapter 1.2.3.2 --- Regulation of pancreatic RAS and its clinical relevance --- p.32 / Chapter 1.3 --- Islet Transplantation and RAS --- p.34 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Whole pancreas and islet transplantation --- p.34 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Problems encountered in islet transplantation --- p.36 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Potential role of RAS in islet transplantation --- p.38 / Chapter 1.4 --- Diabetes Mellitus and RAS --- p.40 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Diabetes Mellitus --- p.40 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Type 1 diabetes and its animal model --- p.42 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Type 2 diabetes and its animal model --- p.44 / Chapter 1.4.4 --- RAS blockade in diabetes patients --- p.46 / Chapter 1.4.5 --- Potential role of RAS in Diabetes Mellitus --- p.47 / Chapter 1.5 --- Aims of Study --- p.49 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Materials and Methods / Chapter 2.1 --- Experimental animals and mouse models --- p.50 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Experimental animals for islet isolation and transplantation --- p.50 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Mouse model for type 2 diabetes --- p.51 / Chapter 2.2 --- Islet isolation and transplantation --- p.52 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Enzymatic islet isolation --- p.52 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Islet transplantation --- p.53 / Chapter 2.3 --- Biological assay on islet functions --- p.53 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Measurement of islet insulin release --- p.53 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Measurement of islet glucose oxidation rate --- p.56 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Measurement of islet (pro)insulin biosynthesis --- p.59 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Measurement of islet total protein synthesis --- p.60 / Chapter 2.4 --- Chronic losartan treatment --- p.62 / Chapter 2.5 --- Perfusion experiment of transplanted islet graft --- p.62 / Chapter 2.6 --- Insulin content of the islet graft --- p.63 / Chapter 2.7 --- Islet graft (pro)insulin and total protein biosynthesis --- p.64 / Chapter 2.8 --- Real-time RT-PCR Analysis --- p.64 / Chapter 2.8.1 --- Design of primers and probes --- p.67 / Chapter 2.8.2 --- Use of internal control --- p.69 / Chapter 2.8.3 --- RT-PCR reaction --- p.69 / Chapter 2.8.4 --- Calculation using the comparative CT method --- p.70 / Chapter 2.9 --- Western Blot Analysis --- p.71 / Chapter 2.10 --- Immunocytochemistry --- p.72 / Chapter 2.11 --- Statistical data analysis --- p.73 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Results / Chapter 3 .1 --- Effect of Angiotensin II and Losartan on islet insulin release --- p.74 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Insulin release from normal islets --- p.74 / Chapter 3.2 --- "Effect of Angiotensin II and Losartan on islet glucose oxidation rate, (pro)insulin and total protein biosynthesis" --- p.77 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Glucose oxidation rate of isolated normal islets --- p.77 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- (pro)insulin and total protein biosynthesis of isolated normal islets --- p.77 / Chapter 3.3 --- Regulation of RAS components in islet transplantation --- p.81 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Expression of RAS components in endogenous islets and transplanted islets --- p.81 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Localization of AT1-receptor in endogenous islets --- p.87 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Expression of AT1-receptor protein in endogenous and transplanted islets --- p.89 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Relative abundance of RAS components in kidney and liver --- p.91 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- Insulin release from perfused transplanted islet graft --- p.93 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- (pro)insulin and total protein biosynthesis of transplanted islet graft --- p.96 / Chapter 3.4 --- Effect of Angiotensin II and losartan on diabetic islets --- p.99 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Expression of RAS components in diabetic pancreas --- p.99 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Localization of AT1 receptors in diabetic pancreas --- p.105 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Insulin release from islets of type 2 diabetic mice --- p.107 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- (pro)insulin and total protein biosynthesis of islets from type 2 diabetic mice --- p.112 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Discussion / Chapter 4.1 --- Effect of angiotensin II and losartan on islet insulin release --- p.116 / Chapter 4.2 --- Existence of local RAS in pancreatic islets --- p.119 / Chapter 4.3 --- Regulation of islet RAS components in transplanted islets --- p.122 / Chapter 4.4 --- Clinical relevance of islet RAS in transplantation --- p.125 / Chapter 4.5 --- Regulation of islet RAS by type 2 diabetes --- p.126 / Chapter 4.6 --- Clinical relevance of islet RAS in type 2 diabetes --- p.134 / Chapter 4.7 --- Conclusion --- p.140 / Chapter 4.8 --- Further studies --- p.141 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Bibliography --- p.142
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_324678 |
| Date | January 2004 |
| Contributors | Lau, Tung., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Physiology. |
| Source Sets | The Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Language | English, Chinese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, bibliography |
| Format | print, x, 157 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. |
| Rights | Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
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