Li, Wing Yan Kate. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 130-154). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements --- p.i / Abstract --- p.iii / Abstract (Chinese Version) --- p.vi / Table of Contents --- p.viii / List of Figures --- p.xiii / List of Abbreviations --- p.xv / Chapter Chapter 1 --- General Introduction / Chapter 1.1. --- Overview of cancer --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2. --- Apoptosis and cancer --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3. --- Roles and regulation of caspase-dependent apoptosis --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3.1. --- Extrinsic death receptor pathway --- p.8 / Chapter i. --- TNFR1 and TNFa --- p.13 / Chapter ii. --- CD95/Fas and CD95 Ligand/FasL --- p.14 / Chapter iii. --- "TRAIL-R1(DR4), TRAIL-R2 (DR5) and TRAIL" --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3.2. --- Intrinsic mitochondrial pathway --- p.16 / Chapter i. --- Bcl-2 family of proteins --- p.17 / Chapter ii. --- Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) --- p.19 / Chapter 1.4. --- Phytochemicals from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) as a source of new therapeutics --- p.22 / Chapter 1.5. --- Biological effects of baicalein --- p.25 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Roles of baicalein as a lipoxygenase inhibitor --- p.28 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- Dual roles of baicalein as an antioxidant and prooxidant --- p.28 / Chapter 1.5.3 --- "Roles of baicalein as an anti-carcinogenic, anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic agent" --- p.29 / Chapter 1.6. --- Aims of current study --- p.30 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Effects of Baicalein on Growth and Survival of Human Cancer Cells / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.33 / Chapter 2.2 --- Materials and Methods / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Cell culture --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Measurement of growth and survival of various cell lines --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Statistical analysis --- p.37 / Chapter 2.3 --- Results / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Baicalein retards the growth and survival of human melanoma A375 and colorectal carcinoma Caco-2 --- p.37 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Baicalein reduces the growth and survival of melanoma A375 but not in normal skin fibroblast Hs68 cells --- p.40 / Chapter 2.4 --- Discussion --- p.42 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Effects of Baicalein on Cell Cycle and the Apoptosis in Human Melanoma A375 Cells / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.44 / Chapter 3.2 --- Materials and Methods / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Determination of cell cycle changes and quantification of apoptosis --- p.51 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Immunoblotting --- p.52 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Inhibition of caspase-8 by caspase-8 inhibitor --- p.54 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Fluorometric measurement of caspase-3 activity --- p.54 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Statistical analysis --- p.55 / Chapter 3.3 --- Results / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Baicalein induces S-phase arrest in cell cycle and triggers apoptosis --- p.55 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Baicalein induces proteolytic inactivation of PARP and activation of caspases --- p.59 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Caspase-8 is the major initiator caspase eliciting the baicalein-induced apoptosis --- p.62 / Chapter 3.4 --- Discussion --- p.67 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Effects of Baicalein on the Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathways in Human Melanoma A375 Cells / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.72 / Chapter 4.2 --- Materials and Methods / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Immunoblotting --- p.75 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Determination of sub-lethal dose of exogenous TRAIL --- p.76 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Determination of the combinatory effect of exogenous TRAIL and baicalein --- p.76 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Statistical analysis --- p.77 / Chapter 4.3 --- Results / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Baicalein upregulates the expressions of death receptor 4 (DR4) and death receptor 5 (DR5) --- p.77 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Baicalein sensitizes the melanoma cells to sub-lethal dose of exogenous TRAIL --- p.80 / Chapter 4.4 --- Discussion --- p.84 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Effects of Baicalein on the Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathways in Human Melanoma A375 Cells Cancer Cells / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.88 / Chapter 5.2 --- Materials and Methods / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Analysis of mitochondrial membrane potential --- p.94 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Fractionation of cell lysates into cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions for immunoblotting --- p.95 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Immunoblotting --- p.95 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- Determination of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production --- p.96 / Chapter 5.2.5 --- Verification of ROS generation via the addition of Trolox´ёØ --- p.96 / Chapter 5.2.6 --- Statistical analysis --- p.97 / Chapter 5.3 --- Results / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Baicalein induces mitochondrial membrane depolarization --- p.97 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Cytochrome c is released in the baicalein-induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization --- p.100 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- Baicalein does not elicit the intrinsic apoptotic pathway via modulation of some better-characterized Bcl-2 family proteins in A375 cells --- p.102 / Chapter 5.3.4 --- Baicalein induces ROS production --- p.105 / Chapter 5.3.5 --- Baicalein induces mitochondrial permeabilization via ROS-mediated mechanisms --- p.108 / Chapter 5.4 --- Discussion --- p.112 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- General Discussion --- p.119 / References --- p.130
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_326125 |
| Date | January 2007 |
| Contributors | Li, Wing Yan Kate., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Biology. |
| Source Sets | The Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Language | English, Chinese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, bibliography |
| Format | print, xviii, 154 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. |
| Rights | Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
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