Position information is important for various applications, including location-aware
communications, autonomous driving, industrial internet of things (IoT). Geometry based techniques such as time-of-arrival (TOA), time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA),
and angle-of-arrival (AOA) are widely used and can be formed as optimization prob lems. In order to solve these optimization problems efficiently, stochastic optimization
methods are discussed in this work in solving target positioning problems and tackling
key issues in location-based applications.
Firstly, the direction of arrival (DOA) estimation problem is studied in this work.
Grid search is useful in the algorithms such as maximum likelihood estimator (MLE),
MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC), etc. However, the computational cost is the
main drawback. To speed up the search procedure, we implement random ferns to
extract the features from the beampatterns of different DOAs and use these features
to identify potential angle candidates.
Then, we propose an ultrasonic air-writing system based on DOA estimation. In
this application, stochastic optimization methods are implemented to solve gesture
classification problems. This work shows that stochastic optimization methods are
effective tools to address and benchmark practical positioning-related problems.
Next, we discuss how to select antennas properly to reduce the expectation of DOA
estimation error in a switch-based multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system.
Cram`er Rao lower bound (CRLB) expresses a lower bound on the variance of an
unbiased estimator, but it does not work well for low SNR scenarios. We use DOA
threshold-region approximation as an indicator and propose a greedy algorithm and
a neural network-based algorithm.
Finally, we propose a joint time difference of arrival (TDOA) and phase difference
of arrival (PDOA) localization method. It is shown that the phase difference, which
is also widely used in DOA estimation, can improve the performance of the well established TDOA technique. Although the joint TDOA/PDOA cost function has
a lot of local minima, accurate estimates can be obtained effectively by choosing an
appropriate initial estimation and using particle swarm optimization (PSO).
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:kaust.edu.sa/oai:repository.kaust.edu.sa:10754/670552 |
| Date | 08 1900 |
| Creators | Chen, Hui |
| Contributors | Al-Naffouri, Tareq Y., Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division, Al-Naffouri, Tareq Y., Zhang, Xiangliang, Park, Shinkyu, Ballal, Tarig, Swindlehurst, Lee |
| Source Sets | King Abdullah University of Science and Technology |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Dissertation |
| Rights | 2022-08-10, At the time of archiving, the student author of this dissertation opted to temporarily restrict access to it. The full text of this dissertation will become available to the public after the expiration of the embargo on 2022-08-10. |
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