Background: Fourteen million new cancer cases are reported annually and up to 10% of those involve children below 15 years. Cisplatin, a commonly used anti-cancer drug for its high success rate, is associated with ototoxicity. Cisplatin-induced ototoxicity is characterised by permanent bilateral severe-to-profound hearing loss and hearing loss, when occurring during childhood, can impact negatively on communication development, scholastic performance and quality-of-life.
Aims: To determine the prevalence of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in paediatric oncology patients as well as determining the best paediatric ototoxicity grading scale with regards to early identification and making treatment recommendations in line with the set standards.
Study Design: Retrospective records review of paediatric oncology patients who underwent cisplatin-based chemotherapy from January 2016 to December 2017. Data collected included demographic, cisplatin treatment, audiometric and distortion products otoacoustic emissions [DPOAEs] information. The IBM SPSS was used for data analysis.
Results: A total of 58 records were reviewed. Ototoxic hearing loss was found in 39 (80%) of the patients whose records were reviewed and majority (65%) presented with a bilateral moderate-to-severe sensorineural hearing loss. DPOAEs were absent in 32 (67%) patients. Younger age (200mg/m2 ) were associated with higher incidences of ototoxicity (p< 10 years), black ethnicity, female gender and higher cumulative dose (<200mg/m2 ) were associated with higher incidences of ototoxicity (p< 0.05). The SIOP scale identified more subjects with hearing loss early (at 1 month testing) and made recommendations about hearing amplification more consistent with the American Academy of Audiology (AAA) Protocol.
Conclusion(s): This study found a high prevalence (80%) of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity, which may leave long-term negative impacts on development and quality-of-life. The SIOP scale performed better in early identification of ototoxicity and making treatment recommendations more consistent with the AAA Protocol. Consequently, this study recommends the development of paediatric-specific monitoring protocols including the use of extended high-frequency audiometry. Additionally, these findings highlight the need for experimental studies in oto-protection; to prevent the negative impacts of hearing loss in this vulnerable population group.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:netd.ac.za/oai:union.ndltd.org:uct/oai:localhost:11427/29535 |
| Date | 14 February 2019 |
| Creators | Phanguphangu, Mukovhe |
| Contributors | Ramma, Lebogang |
| Publisher | University of Cape Town, Faculty of Health Sciences, Dept.of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences |
| Source Sets | South African National ETD Portal |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis / Dissertation, Masters, MSc (Audiology) |
| Format | application/pdf |
Page generated in 0.0025 seconds