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<p>Graphene is a two-dimensional (2-D) sheet of <em>sp2</em> hybridized carbon atoms with extraordinary thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties. Among numerous sophisticated and costly synthesis techniques including chemical vapor deposition (CVD), SiC and microwave plasma; liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) has been one of the most widely used techniques for low-cost and large scale graphene synthesis since it was first reported in 2008. LPE involves the use of liquid media to exfoliate graphite precursors directly into mono- or few-layered graphene. Stable dispersions of few-layered graphene are desirable for thin-film deposition on a large scale but are limited by the use of polar organic solvents with high boiling points and unfavorable toxicity profiles. This limitation can be overcome by milling and exfoliation of graphene nanoplatelets (GrNPs) in ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and acetone, volatile solvents with low toxicity profiles and modest environmental impact. Solvent-assisted grinding of pristine GrNPs on a horizontal ball mill followed by sonication produces concentrated suspensions up to 356 µg/mL that remain stable at room temperature for a minimum of 6 weeks without the addition of surfactants. Exfoliated graphene layers have an average thickness of 4.5 nm which corresponds to 10–12 layers of graphene on Si/SiO2 substrates. EtOAc and acetone-based dispersions of exfoliated graphene can be deposited uniformly using conventional airbrush equipment as low-boiling point solvents evaporates instantaneously after deposition. This deposition method also provides freedom regarding to target substrate and overcomes any substrate related limitations observed in other techniques. Practical demonstrations of spray-coated graphene films include (i) conductive surfaces with sheet resistance as low as 1 kΩ/sq, and (ii) solid contacts for disposable and low-cost nitrate-selective electrodes, with high reproducibility in the voltage readouts across multiple sensors.</p>
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:purdue.edu/oai:figshare.com:article/20089169 |
| Date | 17 June 2022 |
| Creators | Muhammed Ramazan Oduncu (12885026) |
| Source Sets | Purdue University |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, Thesis |
| Rights | CC BY 4.0 |
| Relation | https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/MECHANOCHEMICAL_EXFOLIATION_OF_GRAPHENE_IN_VOLATILE_ORGANIC_SOLVENTS/20089169 |
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