Dans ce manuscrit, nous démontrons par le biais de dimères forcés que toutes les propriétés oncogéniques de la protéine TWIST1, telles qu'évaluées par le biais de nombreux tests in vitro (tests de complémentation, inhibition de la sénescence oncogénique, induction de l'EMT et tests de coopération oncogénique…), sont spécifiquement attribués au complexe TWIST1-E12. L'insertion de mutations ponctuelles, définies d'après l'analyse de modèles de simulation in silico développés au sein du laboratoire (Bouard et al., 2013) et perturbant la dimérisation du complexe ou encore son interaction avec l'ADN conduit à une perte complète de l'activité, validant l'importance des deux partenaires dans l'activité oncogénique de la protéine de fusion. La détection du complexe TWIST1-E12 dans des carcinomes mammaires canalaires in situ humains, récapitulant les phases précoces de l'initiation tumorale, par la technique de Proximity Ligation Assay (PLA) ainsi que la sensibilité accrue de souris transgéniques à développer des carcinomes mammaires lorsque le complexe hétérodimérique est exprimé dans les cellules épithéliales luminales mammaires, renforce la conclusion que le complexe TWIST1-E12 est la (ou l'une des) forme(s) active(s) de la protéine TWIST1 dans le cadre de la carcinogenèse mammaire / Among embryonic transcription factors, TWIST proteins (TWIST1 and TWIST2) display the particularity to behave as master regulators of both RB and p53-oncosuppressive pathways. These embryonic transcription factors annihilate the induction of numerous cyclin-kinase inhibitors, including p16INK4A, p15INK4B and p21CIP1, abrogating thereby cell commitment to a senescence program or their death through apoptosis in response to an oncogenic activation. By doing so, TWIST proteins cooperate with mitogenic oncoproteins such as Ras in promoting cell transformation in vitro and breast and lung carcinogenesis in vivo (Ansieau S. et al. Cancer Cell ; Morel A-P. et al., PLoS ONE ; Tran P.T. et al., PLoS Genetics). Strikingly, TWIST depletion in numerous cancer cell types associates with a reactivation of failsafe programs, suggesting that some tumor cells remain addictive to TWIST for survival and proliferation (Ansieau et al., 2008). In support of this hypothesis, silencing TWIST expression in a TWIST + RAS-driven lung carcinogenesis mouse model displays a cytostatic effect (Tran P.T. et al., PLoS Genetics). Based on these observations, we aim at identifying TWIST specific inhibitors and evaluate the efficiency of such molecules in eradicating tumor cells in vitro as well as in vivo. TWIST proteins either behave as homodimeric (TT) or heterodimeric (TE) complexes (in association with E2A proteins), both complexes displaying distinct and sometimes even antagonistic functions during the embryonic development (Firulli B.A. et al., Nature Genetics ; Connerney F. et al., Dev. Dynamics). Ongoing experiments, comparing activities of tethered TWIST dimers, strongly support the assumption that an oncogenic potential is specifically allotted to the heterodimer. To screen for specific chemical inhibitors, we first established the in silico structure of the bHLH domain of TWIST complexes bound to their cis-responsive elements, by analogy with the NeuroD/E47 crystallographic structure. Relevance of these models has been confirmed through analysis of Twist1 variants associated with a loss of function in Saethre-Chotzen patients (Bouard et al., J. Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics). Strikingly, structural analysis highlights the importance of lateral loops in stabilizing the protein-DNA complex and in specifying the DNA sequence targeted
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:theses.fr/2015LYO10054 |
| Date | 17 April 2015 |
| Creators | Jacqueroud, Laurent |
| Contributors | Lyon 1, Ansieau, Stéphane, Tissier, Agnès |
| Source Sets | Dépôt national des thèses électroniques françaises |
| Language | French, English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, Text |
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