Coevolution between Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis, and the human host has been documented for thousands of years. Interestingly, while T cell immunity is crucial for host protection and survival, T cell antigens are the most conserved region of the Mtb genome. Hypothetically, Mtb adapts under immune pressure to exploit T cell responses for its benefit from inflammation and tissue destruction for ultimately transmission.
EsxH, a gene encoding immunodominant TB10.4 protein, however, contains polymorphic regions corresponding to T cell epitopes. Here, I present two complementary analyses to examine how Mtb modulates TB10.4 for immune evasion. First, I use a naturally occurring esxH polymorphic clinical Mtb isolate, 667, to investigate how A10T amino acid exchange in TB10.4 affect T cell immunity. To verify and identify the cause of the immunological differences, I construct isogenic strains expressing EsxHA10T or EsxHWT. In combination with our recent finding that TB10.44-11-specific CD8 T cells do not recognize Mtb-infected macrophages, we hypothesize that TB10.4 is a decoy antigen as it distracts host immunity from inducing other potentially protective responses. I examine whether an elimination of TB10.44-11-specific CD8 T cell response leads to a better host protective immunity. The studies of in vivo infection and in vitro recognition in this dissertation aim to provide a better understanding of the counteraction between immune evasion and protective immunity.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:umassmed.edu/oai:escholarship.umassmed.edu:gsbs_diss-2074 |
| Date | 24 February 2020 |
| Creators | Sutiwisesak, Rujapak |
| Publisher | eScholarship@UMassChan |
| Source Sets | University of Massachusetts Medical School |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Dissertations and Theses |
| Rights | Copyright is held by the author, with all rights reserved., select |
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