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Genetičke i morfometrijske karakteristike dva tipa kranjske pčele / Genetic and morphometric caracteristics of two types of cornual bees

<p>Morfometrijske analize su ra&ntilde;ena merenjem krilne nervature 540 uzoraka krila<br />pčela sa 9 lokaliteta u Vojvodini. Izračunato je 16 uglova (A1, A4, B3, B4, D7, E9, G7,<br />G18, H12, J10, J16, K19, L13, M17, O26, Q21) koje zaklapa krilna nervatura i 4 indeksa<br />(Ci, Pci, Dbi, Ri), ukupno 20 mera. Izračunate su prosečne vrednosti i utvr&ntilde;ena je<br />statistička značajnost razlika izme&ntilde;u pčela iz regona Srema i Bačke i pčela iz regiona<br />Banata, tako&ntilde;e je izvr&scaron;eno i pore&ntilde;enje pčela svih lokaliteta sa DAWINO standardima za<br />5 rasa pčela (Apis mellifera carnica, Apis mellifera macedonica, Apis mellifera mellifera,<br />Apis mellifera ligustica i Apis mellifera caucasica).<br />Analizom varijanse izračunatih 20 osobina krilne nervature, utvr&ntilde;eno je da samo<br />kod osobine A4 nisu utvr&ntilde;ene statistički značajnie razlike izme&ntilde;u posmatranih<br />lokaliteta, dok su u 19 osobina utvr&ntilde;ene statistički značajne razlike.<br />Utvr&ntilde;ivanjem statističke značajnosti razlika, pčela iz regiona Srema i Bačke i pčela<br />iz regiona Banata, utvr&ntilde;eno je da 45% osobina ne pokazuju statistički značajne razlike,<br />dok 45% osobina pokazuje statistički vrlo značajne razlike (P&lt;0,01) i 10% osobina<br />pokazuje statistički značajne razlike (P&lt;0,05).<br />Upore&ntilde;ivanjem dobijenih vrednosti 20 parametera krilne nervature, pomoću ztesta,<br />sa DAWINO standardima za pet rasa pčela, utvr&ntilde;eno je da na bazi celog uzorka<br />statistički nema značajnih razlika kod osobina A4 i D7 sa A. m. carnica, kod osobina<br />H12, G18 i B4 sa A. m.macedonica i kod osobina J16 i B4 pore&ntilde;eno sa rasom A.<br />m.ligustica. Kod pčela iz regiona Srema i Bačke utvr&ntilde;eno je da statistički nema značajnih<br />razlika kod osobina A4, B3, D7 i G18 upore&ntilde;eno sa A.m. carnica, kod osobina H12 i B4<br />upore&ntilde;eno sa A. m.macedonica i kod osobina G18, K19, J16 i Q21 upore&ntilde;eno sa rasom<br />A. m.ligustica, dok kod pčela iz regiona Banata utvr&ntilde;eno je da statistički nema značajnih<br />razlika kod osobina A4, E9, D7 i J10 upore&ntilde;eno sa A.m. carnica, kod osobina H12, J10,<br />L13 i PCi upore&ntilde;eno sa A. m.macedonica i kod osobina B4, J16 i PCi upore&ntilde;eno sa<br />rasom A. m.ligustica.<br />Ocena genetičke povezanosti, unutar populacijska raznolikost i struktura<br />populacije, dva tipa pčela u Vojvodini, izračunata je na bazi varijacije alela 25 lokusa<br />mikrosatelita. Izvr&scaron;ena je genetska tipizacija sledećih mikrosatelita: A8, A14, A24, A29,<br />A43, A79, A88, A113, Ac11, Ac88, Ac139, Ac306, Ap15, Ap68, Ap85, Ap90, Ap223,<br />Ap224, Ap226, Ap249, Ap273, Ap274, Ap288, At168, At188. 92% ili 23 lokusa su se<br />pokazali kao polimorfni u uzorcima pčela iz Srema i Bačke, a 88% ili 22 lokusa su se<br />pokazali kao polimorfni u uzorcima pčela iz Banata. Izračunata heterozigotnost na nivou<br />cele populacije se nije statistički značajno razlikovala od očekivane heterozigotnosti.<br />Utvr&ntilde;eno je da dobijene genetičke razlike izme&ntilde;u analiziranih pčela iz regiona Srema i<br />Bačke i retgiona Banata nisu dovoljne da se ove dve populacije mogu smatrati<br />razdvojenim.</p> / <p> Morphometric analyses have been done by measuring the wing nervature in<br /> 540 samples of bees, collected from nine localities in Vojvodina. 16 angles<br /> formed by wing nervation have been calculated(A1, A4, B3, B4, D7, E9, G7,<br /> G18, H12, J10, J16, K19, L13, M17, O26, Q21) as well as four indexes (Ci, PCI,<br /> DBI , R), a total of 20 measures. The average values have been calculated and<br /> statistical significant differences in bees from Srem, Backa and Banat region<br /> determined. Five breeds of bees from these regions have been compared to<br /> Dawino standards.<br /> The analyses of the variance of calculated 20 features of wing nervature indicate<br /> that statistically significant differences in monitored localities have not been found<br /> only in A4, on the other hand in 19 properties significant differences have been<br /> discovered.<br /> Established statistically significant differences between breeds from Srem<br /> and Backa regions reveale that 45% properties do not show any statistically<br /> important differences, while 45% features show very important statistical<br /> differences (P&lt;0,01) and 10% show statistically important differences (P&lt;0,05).<br /> It has been established by comparing the obtained values of 20 parametres<br /> of wing nervature by means of z test to DAWINO standards for five breeds of<br /> bees that, based on the whole sample, there are no significant differences in<br /> features A4 and D7 in A.m. carnica, in features H12, G18 and B4 in A.m.<br /> macedonica and features J16 and B4 compared to A.m. ligustica. As for bees from<br /> Srem and Backa region,there are statistically no significante differences in<br /> features A4, B3, D7 and G18 compared to A.m. carnica, features H12 and B4<br /> compared to A.m. macedonica and features G18, K19, J16 and Q21 compared to<br /> A.m. ligustica, while in bees from Banat region, statistically there are no<br /> significant differences in features A4, E9, D7 and J10 compared to A.m. carnica,<br /> features H12, J10, L13 and Pci compared to A.m. macedonica and features B4,<br /> J16 and Pci compared to A.m. ligustica.<br /> The evaluation of genetic correlation, the diversity of bees population and<br /> population structure of two types of bees in Vojvodina have been established on<br /> the basis of allels variations in 25 locus microsatelites.The following<br /> microsatelites have been standardized &ndash; A8,A14,A24,A29, A43, A79, A88, A113,<br /> Ac11, Ac88, Ac139, Ac306, Ap15, Ap68, Ap85, Ap90, Ap223, Ap224, Ap226,<br /> Ap249, Ap273, Ap274, Ap288, At168, At188. 92% or 23 locus have shown as<br /> polymorphs in bees from Srem and Backa and 88% or 22 locus samples have<br /> shown as polzmorphs in bees samples from Banat and Backa region. The whole<br /> population calculated heterozygosity has not shown statistically significant<br /> differrence from expected heterozygisity. It has been established that the obtained<br /> genetic differences between the analysed bees from Srem and Backa region and<br /> Banat region are not significant to indicate two populations.</p>

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:uns.ac.rs/oai:CRISUNS:(BISIS)77369
Date12 April 2012
CreatorsPihler Ivan
ContributorsKrajinović Milan, Plavša Nada, Kiprijanovska Hrisula
PublisherUniverzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet u Novom Sadu, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture at Novi Sad
Source SetsUniversity of Novi Sad
LanguageSerbian
Detected LanguageEnglish
TypePhD thesis
Formatapplication/pdf

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