<p>Soja predstavlja jedan od osnovnih hraniva koje se koristi u ishrani pilića u tovu, za<br />zadovoljenje potreba u proteinima i esencijalnim aminokiselinama. Po ukupnom<br />sadržaju proteina i njihovoj biološkoj vrednosti soja se svrstava u jedno od<br />najkvalitetnijih proteinskih hraniva, čija aminokiselinska struktura može potpuno da<br />zadovolji potrebe pilića u skoro svim esencijalnim aminokiselinama. Prisustvo<br />Kunitz tripsin inhibitora (KTI), i drugih termolabilnih antinutritivnih faktora<br />ograničava upotrebu soje uz obaveznu termičku obradu. Selekcijski napredak<br />omogućio je stvaranje novih sorti koje imaju niži nivo antinutritivnih faktora, među<br />kojima je i sorta „Lana“. Prema ostvarenim rezultatima upotreba soje sorte „Lana“ u<br />smešama (grover i finišer) za ishranu brojlera u koncentraciji od 30% dala je<br />značajno lošije proizvodne parametre u odnosu na termički tretiranu, ali i značajno<br />bolje u odnosu na termički neobrađenu sortu sa standardnim nivoom KTI.<br />Zabeležena ekonomska efikasnost i indeks cena u SL grupi je skoro isti kao i kod<br />grupa sa termičkim tretmanom. Najveća površina i visina crevnih resica, kao i<br />dubina kripte je zabeležena u SL grupi. Konstatovana je statistički vrlo značajna<br />hipertrofija pankreasa i uvećanje jetre kod SS grupe ali i značajno uvećanje<br />pankreasa u SL grupi u odnosu na grupe sa termičkim tretmanom. Evidentna je i<br />značajno lošija svarljivost hranljivih materija (marker metoda, i metoda totalne<br />kolekcije) u SL i SS grupama nasuprot onih grupa koje su bile na termičkom<br />tretmanu. Kod upotrebe različitih nivoa sorte „Lana“ u finišer (peletiranim)<br />smešama za ishranu brojlera, kada su u pitanju proizvodni parametri, dobijene<br />vrednosti su zadovoljavajuće uz sporadična odstupanja u grupama SL14% i SL21%.<br />Takođe Indeks cena i ekonomske efikasnosti je vrlo približan kontrolnoj grupi.<br />Svarljivost u distalnom ileumu je bila značajno bolja u kontrolnoj i 7%SL grupi, za<br />razliku od proksimalnog ileuma gde ne postoji statistička značajnost. Svarljivost<br />azota u distalnom ileumu je bila značajno lošija u 21% SL grupi, dok u<br />proksimalnom ileumu nije bilo statistički značajnih razlika. Retencija azota je bila<br />značajno bolja u kontrolnoj i 7%SL grupi. Razmatrajući sve rezultate, upotreba soje<br />„Lana“ u ishrani brojlera bez prethodne termičke obrade nije preporučljiva u ishrani<br />od 11 dana u koncentraciji od 30% , ali je moguća u peletiranim finišer smešama u<br />nivou do 14% udela u smeši.</p> / <p>Soybean is one of the basic feed used in the chickens diet for , to satisfy the protein<br />and essential amino acids needs. By total protein content and their biological value,<br />the soybean is classified as one of the best protein sources, whose amino acid<br />structure can fully meet the needs of chickens in almost all essential amino acids.<br />The presence of Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI), and other thermolabile<br />antinutritional factors limiting the use of soy with necessary thermal processing.<br />Selection progress has enabled the creation of new varieties that have lower levels of<br />anti-nutritional factors, including the variety "Lana". Our results showed that the use<br />of soybean variety "Lana" in mixtures (grower and finisher) for broilers at the<br />concentration of 30% gave a significantly lower production parameters, as compared<br />to heat-treated, but also a significant better, compared to the thermally non-treated<br />soybean variety with standard level of KTI . Noted Economic efficiency and the<br />Price index in the SL group was almost the same as in the group with thermal<br />treatment. Largest surface and height of the villi and crypt depth was observed in the<br />SL group. We found a statistically significant hypertrophy of the pancreas and<br />enlargement of the liver in the SS group and a significant increase in pancreatic at<br />SL group compared to the groups with thermal treatment. Evident is significantly<br />worse digestibility of nutrients (marker method , and the method of total collection )<br />in the SL and SS groups opposed to those groups that were on the thermal treatment.<br />When using a different levels of variety " Lana" in the finisher ( pelleted ) diets for<br />broilers , in terms of production parameters, values obtained were satisfactory with<br />sporadic deviations in groups and SL14% SL21% . Also index price and economic<br />efficiency is highly approximate to the control group. The digestibility at the distal<br />ileum was significantly better in the control and the SL 7%, group in contrast to the<br />proximal ileum, where is no statistical significance. The digestibility of nitrogen in<br />the distal ileum was significantly inferior to 21% SL group, and in the proximal<br />ileum, there is no statistically significant differences. Nitrogen retention was<br />significantly better control, and in 7%SL group. Considering all the results, the use<br />of variety "Lana" in diet for broilers without heat treatment is not recommended in<br />the grower mixture (from 11 day) at the concentration of 30%, but it is freely<br />available for use in pellet for of finisher mixture, at levels up to 14% of mixture.</p>
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:uns.ac.rs/oai:CRISUNS:(BISIS)87693 |
| Date | 19 September 2014 |
| Creators | Beuković Dejan |
| Contributors | Glamočić Dragan, Milošević Niko, Jokić Živan |
| Publisher | Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet u Novom Sadu, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture at Novi Sad |
| Source Sets | University of Novi Sad |
| Language | Serbian |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | PhD thesis |
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