<p>Analiza ishrane je urađena na uzorcima 16 populacija vrste <em>Bufo bufo</em>, sa ukupno 356 adultnih jedinki. Od toga 8 uzoraka pripada podvrsti<em> B.b. bufo</em>-populacija sa 158, a 8 uzoraka <em>B.b spinosus</em> populacija sa 198 jedinki. Za analizu ishrane je korišćen i uzorak od 150 primjeraka, tek metamorfoziranih jedinki. Uzorci populacija su prikupljeni sa teritorije Srbije i Crne Gore. Ishranu ispitivanih podvrsta roda <em>Bufo</em>, na svim lokalitetima čine jedinke plijena isključivo predstavnici Invertebrata. Kod obje podvrste dominantan plijen su pripadnici reda Coleoptera i Hymenoptera kod <em>B.b. spinosus </em>(70,05%,16,92%), kod <em>B.b. bufo </em>(59,69%, 22,61%). Multivarijantna analiza urađena na ukupnom uzorku pokazujeda postoji statistički značajna zavisnost ispitivanih morfoloških karaktera žaba i promjenljive morfologije plijena. Korespodentna analiza je pokazala da jedinke obje podvrste preferiraju sličan plijen samo što je učestalost tog plijena različita po podvrstama i polovima. Kod tek metamorfoziranih jedinki Anura na oba lokaliteta prisutan je isti plijen sa malim procentualnim razlikama. Prisustvo relativno visokog procenta Chironomidae ukazuje da ove jedinke nisu u potpunosti prešle na terestrični način života. Dok prisustvo visokog procenta familija Formicidae i Byrrhidae ukazuje na <br />ishranu kojoj inače teže pripadnici vrste <em>B. bufo</em>, prelaskom na terestrični način života. Vrijednosti širina trofičkih niša (B<sub>A</sub>) po podvrstama pokazuju da je podvrsta <em>B.b. spinosus</em><i> </i>(B<sub>1</sub>A=0,15) imala neznatno manju vrijednost u odnosu na podvrstu <em>B.b. bufo</em> (B<sub>1</sub>A=0,16) , što ukazuje na to da su pripadnici obje podvrste imale prilično ujednačenu ishranu. Na osnovu taksonomije plijena zabilježeno je veoma visoko preklapanje niša ishrane između podvrsta (95%). Veoma su oskudni literaturni podaci o ishrani ove dvije podvrste, što podatke i rezultate ovog rada čini posebno vrijednim.</p> / <p>Diet analysis was conducted on the samples of 16 populations of species <em>Bufo bufo</em>, with total of 356 adult individuals. Among that, 8 samples belonged to sub-species <em>B.b. bufo</em> – population with 158 samples, and another 8 samples belonged to <em>B.b. spinosus</em>, with population of 198 individuals. For diet analysis we also used the sample of 150 individuals which have just finished metamorphosis. Population samples were collected from the territories of Serbia and Montenegro. The diet of investigated subspecies belonging to the genus <em>Bufo</em> from all localities, was composed of the Invertebrata exclusively. Coleoptera and Hymenoptera were dominant prey items in both groups <em>B.b. spinosus </em>(70.05%, 16.92%), and <em>B.b. bufo </em>(59.69%, 22.61%). Multivariate statistical analysis which was performed on the entire sample, showed existence of statistically significant dependence of morphological traits of common toadand variable morphology of prey. Correspondent analysis showed that individuals of both subspecies prefer similar prey, but the frequency of the prey occurance at different subspecies and sexes is different. Recently metamorphosed Anuran individuals from both localities, take the same prey with a small differences inpercentage. The presence of a relatively high percentage of Chironomidae indicates that these individuals are not completely moved on to terrestrial life. While the presence of a high percentage of the families Formicidae and Byrrhidae indicates a diet which usually species <em>B. bufo </em>aspire during the transition to terrestrial life. Values (B<sub>A</sub>) of trophic niche width (B<sub>A</sub>) indicate that the subspecies <em>B.b. spinosus </em>(B<sub>A</sub> =15) had a slightly lower value compared to subspecies <em>B.b. bufo</em> (B<sub>A</sub> =15) which indicates that both subspecies had a fairly uniform diet. Based on the taxonomy of prey, very high dietary niche overlap between subspecies was recorded (95%). Since there are very scarce <br />literature data about diet of the two subspecies, the data and results of this thesis are <br />particularly valuable. </p>
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:uns.ac.rs/oai:CRISUNS:(BISIS)87860 |
| Date | 10 October 2014 |
| Creators | Čađenović Natalija |
| Contributors | Popović Ester, Rajković Dragana, Bjelić-Čabrilo Olivera |
| Publisher | Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences at Novi Sad |
| Source Sets | University of Novi Sad |
| Language | Serbian |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | PhD thesis |
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