Structured light has shown great promises and impacts in various fields such as microscopy, optical trapping, sensing, classical communication, high dimensional quantum information, quantum key distribution (QKD) and quantum metrology. In this Thesis, we will be discussing two projects, in the context of structured light, one about the stability of 3D optical topologies and the other about the reconstruction of strongly correlated bi-photon states.
In the introduction, we will be reviewing some of the basic concepts needed to follow the two projects. Starting from the spatial modes and their characteristics, we discuss about some interferometric approaches to reconstruct the phase and the amplitude of an electromagnetic field, either for a classical laser beam or for photons. Moreover, we briefly explain the spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) process that is commonly used for generating entangled bi-photon states.
In the second chapter, after giving an overview about singular optics and optical topologies, we explore the effect of different types of aberrations on three different 3D optical structures, Trefoil knot, Cinquefoil knot and Hopf Link. In this work we show that these structures are robust under aberrations with the highest strength if the defining aperture of the aberration is big enough. In addition, we discuss about how these aberrations will modify the structure if we decrease the size of the aperture and in which aperture the structures start to break and therefore, we investigate the impact of the strength under such apertures.
In the third chapter, we return to the SPDC process, discuss the thin-crystal approximation, spatial mode correlations of an entangled bi-photon state, and coincidence imaging performed with time stamping cameras. We propose an approach to characterize an unknown two-photon state using interference between the unknown bi-photon state and a reference bi-photon state in addition to coincidence imaging. We show that this approach is faster, scalable and loss-free compared to projective measurements.
Finally, in the conclusion, we put together the results of these two projects and discuss about the future work that can follow up on what is done so far.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:uottawa.ca/oai:ruor.uottawa.ca:10393/45287 |
| Date | 15 August 2023 |
| Creators | Dehghan Manshadi, Seyedeh Fatemeh |
| Contributors | Karimi, Ebrahim |
| Publisher | Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa |
| Source Sets | Université d’Ottawa |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
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