Irony is an important discursive mode and literary trope. It invites a debate about meaning and significance, creates a feeling of community among perceivers (even if, on the surface, it excludes), and draws them into morally active engagement. Irony can allow for conceptual points to be perceived more quickly and to be remembered longer than do literal statements. Art music has remained relevant to the wider popular culture partly through its use in films, and ironic deployments of this music constitute one of its most sophisticated uses. It makes perceivers aware of the surface features of a film, its multiple, deeper contextual layers, and the complex interplay that takes place among them, which helps directors to make conceptual and narrative points that transcend their immediate filmic narratives. In the so-called "Golden Age" of Hollywood film, circa 1933-60, the narrative elements, including and especially music, were standardized in order to create a product with the clearest possible narrative. Composers during this period employed the stylistic elements of the Romantic orchestral idiom as the lingua franca of cinema due to its cultural currency and in particular its well-established emotional connotations. Throughout the 1960s however, the major Hollywood studios began to experiment with different filmic products, especially those modeled on European auteurism, which placed the control of the film in the hands of a single filmmaker and not, as was Hollywood practice, in the hands of a committee. With the success of such non-traditional films and their even less- traditional scores, the Hollywood establishment became more willing to take chances by placing the various components of films under the control of individual directors. With the music choices now in the hands of the auteur, the rules and conventions for music in films changed, and preexisting art music has had a noticeable presence in films from the late 1960s until the present. Moreover, ironically deployed art music became, if not a staple, a regularly used device by some of Hollywood's more sophisticated directors. The recognition of this irony can unmask deeper contextual layers that reveal or enhance major themes in the films and, in some cases, the ideology of the filmmaker. Moreover, music, through its association and interaction with film, can reinscribe itself and its perceived meaning within the wider culture. This means that art music continues to be relevant to our culture; music acquires renewed meaning through its significant and sophisticated participation in the Western world's most popular artistic medium. / A Dissertation submitted to the College of Music in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / Summer Semester, 2012. / May 22, 2012. / Art Music, Film, Irony / Includes bibliographical references. / Michael Broyles, Professor Directing Dissertation; Evan Allan Jones, University Representative; Frank Gunderson, Committee Member; Douglass Seaton, Committee Member.

One of the most important questions rising out of the War on Terror and the end of the Cold War is how changes in a country's defense spending will affect its economic performance. Despite the significant amount of work on the defense-growth relationship, a consensus has failed to be reached within the literature as to whether a relationship does exist, its direction, and how it should be modeled. In this dissertation, the defense-growth relationship is investigated by looking at the effect of changes in the defense sector's human capital investments on growth. After theoretically deriving a human capital based model, the model is empirically tested with U.S. data for the time period 1949 to 2009. By doing so, previous scholarship on the defense-growth relationship is advanced by contributing to the theoretical foundation and theoretically deriving a model which uniquely captures the on-the-job training that enlisted soldiers and officers receive. The results show that the sector's investments have a positive effect on the economic growth of the United States. This effect is both direct and indirect. Directly, the sector's investments influence the economy's growth rate as a form of on-the-job training. The results show that approximately 18.9\% of economic growth can be attributed to the investments.Indirectly, they influence the production of a military good, which further influences general production. According to the calibrated parameters, a 1\% increase in the military good is expected to produce a 0.034\% increase in total economic output. / A Dissertation submitted to the Askew School of Public Administration and Policy in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / Fall Semester, 2011. / July 22, 2011. / defense sector, Defense spending, economic growth, military output, United States / Includes bibliographical references. / Robert J. Eger, III, Professor Directing Dissertation; Milton H. Marquis, University Representative; Frances S. Berry, Committee Member; James S. Bowman, Committee Member; David S. T. Matkin, Committee Member.

The development of morality in children has been deemed one of the most important endeavors of parenting (Klein, 2002; Lickona, 1983). Being that children first learn about moral elements from their parents (Lickona, 1992), it is necessary to understand how parents approach teaching the social skills associated with moral elements. As such, the purpose of this study was to explore parents' understanding and application of dialogic reading while teaching their preschoolers the social skills associated with courage, empathy, and love. Literature pertaining to moral development, children's literature and moral development, parents and shared book experiences, the connection between social skills and literacy, and dialogic reading was reviewed in order to inform this study. Three middle class mothers and their five-year-old children participated. Using a qualitative, case study research design, multiple forms of data were collected. All data collected were analyzed using Vygotsky's (1978) Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) in order to make sense of the social interactions, which took place between the three mothers and their children during shared book experiences. The findings reveal all participating mothers and their children moved from their initial development level to a more advanced developmental understanding of the social skills associated with courage, empathy, and love in collaboration with more knowledgeable others. Each of the participants demonstrated differences in both cognitive and affective behaviors during shared book experiences from the initial observation to the post dialogic reading training observations. Recommendations for future research are offered. / A Dissertation submitted to the School of Teacher Education in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / Spring Semester, 2012. / January 25, 2012. / Dialogic Reading, Moral Education, Parents, Preschoolers, Social Skills / Includes bibliographical references. / Ithel Jones, Professor Directing Dissertation; Stacey Rutledge, University Representative; Vickie Lake, Committee Member; Diana Rice, Committee Member; Mary Frances Hanline, Committee Member.

A nomological network on team dynamics in sports consisting of a multi-framework perspective is introduced. The aim was to explore the interrelationship among cohesion team mental models (TMM), collective-efficacy (CE) and perceived performance potential (PPP). A secondary aim was to assess intra and inter team variability among these team level properties. Three hundred and forty college soccer players of both genders (178 female, 52.4%; and 162 male 47.6%) and representing 17 different teams (n = 8 female and 9 male) affiliated to the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) agreed to participate in the study. The participants were 20.38 years old on average (SD = 2.12) and had 14.66 years (SD = 3.92) of experience in the sport. They responded to surveys on team cohesion (i.e., The Group Environment Questionnaire), TMM (i.e., Team Assessment Diagnostic Measure), CE (i.e., Collective Efficacy Questionnaire for Sports) and PPP (i.e., Team Outcome Questionnaire). Descriptive and structural equation modeling analyses indicated that cohesion, TMM and CE are conceptually and statistically interrelated constructs. Specifically, cohesion was found to be an exogenous variable predicting both TMM and CE beliefs. These former team attributes were found to predict PPP which in turn accounted for approximately 60% of the variance of objective performance scores as measured by teams' season record. Altogether, findings of this study are congruent with the theoretical feasibility and statistical validity of an integrated view of team dynamics in sports. Applied implications involve the development of evidence-based protocols to enhance team PPP as related to cohesion, TMM and CE beliefs. / A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / Summer Semester, 2012. / June 20, 2012. / cohesion, collective efficacy, nomological network, shared mental models, sport psychology, team dynamics / Includes bibliographical references. / Gershon Tenenbaum, Professor Directing Dissertation; Tom Welsh, University Representative; David W. Eccles, Committee Member; Tristan E. Johnson, Committee Member; Yanyun Yang, Committee Member.

This quantitative study examines the current status of Black women higher education administrators in comparison to other higher education administrators of another race and/or gender. Specifically, years of service, social support, highest degree attained, income level, and current title held was analyzed to evaluate the actual levels of professional success attained by Black women in higher education. A historical overview of the position of Black women both in society and in academe was reviewed and evaluated in order to provide context to the current status of Black female administrators in higher education administration. The potential barriers to Black female success, as well as potential outcomes of marginalization were explored in order to add more depth to the research and findings. In this research study there is one dependent variable, professional success. The independent variables will vary based on the research question being answered and include: degrees earned, gender, race, and social support. Control variables will also vary and include: years of experience and degree earned. To strengthen the results and to assess large numbers of respondents, a web-based survey was utilized. The results of this study indicate that Black female administrators earn significantly less and are less likely to hold senior level student affairs positions, even when similarly qualified. / A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Educational Leadership and Policy Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / Spring Semester, 2012. / March 21, 2012. / Black, Stereotypes, University Administration, Women / Includes bibliographical references. / Robert A. Schwartz, Professor Directing Dissertation; Felicia Jordan-Jackson, University Representative; Tamara Bertrand Jones, Committee Member; David Tandberg, Committee Member.

Ocean Drilling Program Site 752 on Broken Ridge in the Indian Ocean recovered an expanded section containing Paleocene and lower Eocene calcareous nannofossils. Qualitative counts show a diverse, high-latitude assemblage of primarily moderately preserved and abundant nannofossils. The assemblage was deposited in the high southern latitudes before Broken Ridge rifted off of the Kerguelen Plateau in the middle Eocene. Minor modifications allowed Okada and Bukry's 1980 low-latitude zonation to be utilized at this site for Zones CP1a through CP10. Various markers such as the first occurrence of Discoaster diastypus and Tribrachiatus bramlettei, or the last occurrence of Fasciculithus sp., were used in past studies to determine the Paleocene/Eocene boundary. At this high-latitude site, both D. diastypus and T. bramlettei are rare or absent, so the last occurrence of Fasciculithus sp. was used to approximate the boundary. Ocean Drilling Program Site 758 cored the northern Ninety-East Ridge in the Indian Ocean. Ninety-East Ridge is a hotspot trace formed from the northward movement of the Indo-Australian Plate. This site contains a more condensed section in which much of the lower Paleocene and all of the lower Eocene are absent. A more generically diverse, but still high-latitude assemblage of nannofossils is examined in this study. First seen in Zone CP6, a large variety of Discoaster okadai is present at Site 758. Figures are presented to show the variation in morphology of this species in the Indian Ocean. Much research has been done to associate Paleogene nannofossil genera with different paleoceonographic conditions. Both Sites 752 and 758 show a shift from primarily small, cool-water, eutrophic species near the K/T boundary (such as Prinsius martinii, Prinsius dimorphosus, or Cruciplacolithus primus) to warm-water, oligotrophic species (such as Sphenolithus, Discoaster, or Zygrhablithus bijugatus). This trend is seen in Principal Component Analysis and is more obvious at Site 752 due to the presence of a complete lower Paleocene section and lower Eocene nannofossils. / A Thesis submitted to the Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science. / Spring Semester, 2012. / March 16, 2012. / Broken Ridge, Nannofossils, Nannoplankton, Ninety-East Ridge, ODP, PETM / Includes bibliographical references. / Sherwood Wise, Professor Directing Thesis; Yang Wang, Committee Member; William Parker, Committee Member.

This dissertation is a close reading of representative examples of stichographic, hymnic and sapiential poetry from the corpus of the texts in the Dead Sea Scrolls. Chapter 1, "The Language of Hebrew Poetry," introduces and defines the specific devices, levels of structure, and various characteristics that are discussed in the following chapters. The devices considered are lists, ellipsis and repetition. The levels of structure are hemistich, colon, line and strophe. Lastly, the characteristics are terseness, morphemic frequency and ampleur of expression. Chapter 2, "The Poetics of Parallelism," is a review of select scholarship concerning parallelism and biblical poetry. The focus of the chapter is on the role of parallelism in the definition, meter, devices and structure of biblical poetry. It sets forth a description of poetry and a taxonomy of parallelism that serves as the methodological basis for the poetic analysis of this dissertation. Chapter 2, furthermore, provides the basis for understanding how the poetry of the Dead Sea Scrolls appropriates, and differs from, biblical poetry. Chapter 3, "Stichographically Arranged Poetry," offers a systematic reconstruction and analysis of the poetic structure of select stichographic texts from Qumran. It is limited to an examination of Exodus 15 (4Q365), Deuteronomy 32 (4Q44), Psalm 104 (4Q86 and 4Q93) and 4QMessianicApocalypse (4Q521). The poetic analysis argues that the variegated forms of stichographic division were ultimately based on semantic, syntactic and grammatical parallelisms. Stichography is not only a scribal practice but is also a poetic device that visually represents the poetic structure of a text according to the basic building blocks of Hebrew poetry. Chapter 4, "Hymnic Poetry," focuses its analysis on one Hodayah (11.20-37) from the anthology of hymns in the Hodayot and compares its devices, structure and characteristics with ten other Hodayot in an effort to arrive at some conclusions regarding the style of the collection as a whole. Following a brief survey of previous scholarship on the poetry of the Hodayot, this chapter gives a transcription, translation and poetic analysis of 1QHa 11.20-37. Overall, this chapter argues that the poetry of the Hodayot is both traditional and innovative--a style epitomized by terseness juxtaposed with verbosity. Chapter 5, "Sapiential Poetry," offers a poetic analysis of 4Q184 1 and 4Q525 2+3 2.1-6. Following a survey and critique of scholarship on Wiles of the Wicked Woman (4Q184) and Beatitudes (4Q525), it offers a transcription, translation and poetic analysis of each work. The analysis of 4Q184 proposes that parallelism structures the extant portions of 4Q184 as a poem with eleven strophes and three stanzas organized thematically. The section on 4Q525 2+2 2.1-6 maintains that it is a sequence of three strophes structured according to parallelism and three different Semitic forms of beatitudes. Overall, the style of 4Q184 and 4Q525 is simultaneously conservative and innovative: terse, balanced forms of parallelism found together with ampleur of expression. Although the poetry of 4Q184 and 4Q525 is modeled on biblical conventions of poetry in Proverbs, it nonetheless exhibits later forms of poetic expression. Chapter 6, "Pedagogy and Performance," begins by offering some suggestions concerning the purpose and function of stichographic poetry, and then it proceeds to a comparison of the poetic devices, structure and characteristics of 4Q184, 4Q525 2+3 2.1-6 and 1QHa 11.20-37. This comparison serves as a synopsis of their poetic styles as well as the basis for some tentative suggestions concerning the characteristics of sapiential and hymnic poetry in the Dead Sea Scrolls. There are formal guidelines governing the composition of all of these texts; however, they are not precise prescriptions. The conclusion also investigates how the parallelism and poetic expression of sapiential and hymnic poetry reflect their usage. On the one hand, the primary use of sapiential poetry is instruction. This pedagogical impulse affects its content and form. Sapiential poetry is primarily characterized by terseness and it is dominated by "pedagogical parallelism." On the other hand, the essential use of hymnic poetry is liturgical, which likewise affects its formal characteristics. Hymnic poetry is chiefly characterized by ampleur and "performative parallelism" monopolizes its discourse. / A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Religion in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / Summer Semester, 2012. / June 22, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references. / Matthew Goff, Professor Co-Directing Dissertation; Eibert Tigchelaar, Professor Co-Directing Dissertation; John Marincola, University Representative; Nicole Kelley, Committee Member; David Levenson, Committee Member.

This study examines two former adversarial scientific and technological aerospace constructs created, for the most part, separately during the Cold War and their subsequent meeting and collaboration after the Soviet Union collapse. They both strove first separately, then in unison to create a hypersonic aircraft. In studying this collaboration, one must evaluate each research communities' strengths and weaknesses as well as historians' efforts to explain the exact relationship between science and technology, or applied science. This "international" approach offers some advantages in determining both nations' research capabilities. If one accepts a `science' and `technology' as separate entities, I show that it was actually each country's technological or `applied science' capabilities that defined their `science' and punctuated the two contending scientific communities views regarding the work together. / A Dissertation submitted to the Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / Summer Semester, 2012. / April 19, 2012. / history, hypersonic aircraft, philosophy, science, technology, thermodynamics / Includes bibliographical references. / Jonathan Grant, Professor Directing Dissertation; Michael Ruse, University Representative; Frederick Davis, Committee Member; Edward Wynot, Committee Member; Rafe Blaufarb, Committee Member.

Transnational terrorism (TNT) is a process that, by definition, involves both international and domestic actors. A non-trivial portion of the literature that seeks to answer the question of why TNT occurs has focused on country-level characteristics (democracy, wealth/poverty, etc.). I argue that these country characteristics create opportunities for TNT, but not necessarily the motivation for actors to commit acts of TNT. A more complete explanation of TNT needs to include both opportunity and motivation factors at both the domestic and international level. In addition to the need for consideration of both opportunities and motivations, I also argue that we need to look at both domestic and international processes to explain TNT, and that to do so we should explore the transnational consequences of a state's foreign policy. I argue that if a foreign policy creates a perception of threat towards the economic and physical freedom of the citizens in a country targeted by another country's foreign policy, the number of TNT attacks against the initiator of the policy will increase. If the policy's impact on their freedoms is positive, the number of TNT attacks will decrease. Using ITERATE data, I test this theory in different foreign policy scenarios. The results suggest that countries need to consider the possibility that some foreign policies create negative externalities (such as TNT) and prepare for these contingencies. / A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Political Science in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / Spring Semester, 2012. / March 23, 2012. / Foreign Policy, Military intervention, Sanctions, Terrorism / Includes bibliographical references. / Will H. Moore, Professor Directing Dissertation; Michael Creswell, University Representative; Mark Souva, Committee Member; David Siegel, Committee Member.

The backbone of simulation is nothing but mathematical equations from simple linearization method to solving complex differential equations. Although simulating a real system with realistic outcomes is a hard task to come by but minimizing the amount of rework required after design makes it a very desirable method to see results before building a device. The scope of this thesis paper is to bring to the light the concept of simulating power electronics devices purely in form of equations to reduce the cost of development, to speed up the time to market of the product and to establish design benchmarks to guide the designer to the right direction. The thesis topic started as a simple application of converting an analog-based control of DC-DC converter to a DSP-based digital control, but it quickly developed into control hardware in the loop project. This shows how powerful and effective a DSP-based simulation can perform. This and a demand from the application engineering perspective made the author to explore different methods that can be even more effective. As the author researched around the idea, he realized there has been some work done in the past but nothing to the effect of utilizing a DSP to simulate DC-DC converters. Therefore the last part of this thesis is to study feasibility of utilizing DSP as a real time simulator of power electronics devices especially high frequency DC-DC converters. Although the results on the last part of the project are not definitive but there are very strong signs showing that in the future there is very strong potential of DSP-based real time simulation for power electronics devices. This along other advantages that real time simulation can bring about such as, speed of simulation in opposed to a slow, off-line, and computer-based simulation, significant cost reduction, portability, and creating a guided-design are a few advantages to name. / A Thesis submitted to the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science. / Spring Semester, 2012. / March 30, 2012. / DC-DC Converter, DSP, Power Electronics, Real Time, RTDS, Simulation / Includes bibliographical references. / Hui Li, Professor Directing Thesis; Petru Andrei, Committee Member; Uwe H. Meyer-Baese, Committee Member.