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Although it is widely recognized that exotic plant invaders can affect diversity of native plant communities, a few studies of natural systems concern about the nature abundance and diversity loss and the associated consequences for higher trophic levels. Little is known impact of exotic riparian plant on higher-order consumers, such as birds. Such is requirement to understand underlying mechanisms of invasive processes and formulating effective management strategies. We examined interaction between invasive knotweed (Reynoutria sp. div., next only knotweed) and bird communities. We recorded occurrence of birds along three rivers in riverbanks that were either dominated by native vegetation or invaded by knotweed. Birds were recorded in breeding seasons in 2011 and 2012 near town Frýdek-Místek and Valašské Meziříčí. We interested especially in (i) how knotweed composition within riparian systems affects avian communities and (ii) what common bird characteristics are influenced by knotweed. Our outcome found positive effect of Marsh Warbler (Acrocephalus palustris) and Great Tit (Parus major) in high knotweed cover and negative effect of Grey Wagtail (Motacilla cinerea). Interspecific comparison common avian characteristics suggest that knotweed invasion can impact avian abundance living in lower...

<div>When a sound wave interacts with an object, the acoustic energy may excite resonances in the object corresponding to its natural modes of vibration. The backscattered wave will then contain information which can be used to distinguish among different objects. As the wave propagates, it can be changed by the propagation channel, which complicates automatic classification of the echo. For example, in a dispersive channel, the duration of the wave increases with propagation distance. Our goal is to identify features of propagating waves that may be used for automatic classification. </div><div><br /></div><div>In this work, we implement and test a class of moment-like features that are invariant to specific propagation effects, in particular dispersion. Our tests of the classification utility of the "dispersion-invariant moments" (DIMS) are performed on numerical models of dispersive propagation and acoustic scattering from steel shells. We consider the case of real dispersion relations and in the conclusion discuss the implementation of complex dispersion and a future direction for research.</div>