Orientador: Prof. Dr. Peter M. E. Claessens / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociência e Cognição, 2014. / Zumbido (tinnitus) é um distúrbio comum de audição, muitas vezes debilitante em graus variados. Dado que zumbido é uma condição multifacetada, com sintomas que frequentemente são psicológicos e subjetivos, e com muitas causas potenciais, a diagnose deste distúrbio não é trivial. Por exemplo, zumbido pode ser objetivo e mensurável ou subjetivo e produzido por fatores neurais que podem ser de localização mais periférica ou central. Este projeto de mestrado propõe o desenvolvimento de um sistema especialista médico para apoiar clínicos na indicação de tratamento para zumbido. Este estudo foca em três tipos de tratamento para zumbido, a saber, dieta, medicação e aparelho auditivo, como também nas combinações, para categorização supervisionada. Redes Bayesianas ingênuas (naive) foram utilizadas para relacionar uma diversidade de resultados de exames e elementos de anamnese a indicações de tratamento por clínicos. Como tratamentos não são mutualmente exclusivos, a categorização deve levar em conta casos multi-label, isto é, a possibilidade de indicações diferentes de tratamento simultâneas. Com o objetivo de mapear as probabilidades a posteriori das indicações diferentes de tratamento para classificação multi-label , a diferença entre as distribuições a posteriori foi usada como critério para resolver o problema multi-label. Esta estratégia foi avaliada e o desempenho comparada a uma estratégia mais simples de mapeamento single-label. Os resultados mostram que a acurácia da abordagem multi-label é melhor que o ajuste single-label. O sistema fornece assim um primeiro passo satisfatório do desenvolvimento de um sistema de apoio médico futuramente mais amplo, integrado e dinâmico. / Tinnitus is a common hearing disorder, often debilitating to varying degrees. Given that tinnitus is a multifaceted condition, with symptoms that are often psychological and subjective, and with many different possible causes, its diagnosis is not trivial. For example, tinnitus can be objective and measureable or subjective and produced by neural factors which can either be more peripheral or more centrally located. This Master¿s project proposes the development of a medical expert system to assist clinicians in the indication of treatment for tinnitus. This study focused on three types of treatment for tinnitus, namely, Diet, Medication and Hearing Aid, as well as on their combinations for supervised categorization. Naïve Bayes networks were used to relate a diversity of test results and elements of the anamnesis to treatment referrals by clinicians. Because treatments are not mutually exclusive, the categorization needs to take into account multi-labeling cases, that is, the possibility of several simultaneous treatment indications. In order to map the posterior probabilities of the different treatment indications to multi-labeling classification, the difference between posterior probabilities was used as a criterion to solve the multi-labeling problem. This strategy was evaluated and its performance compared to a simpler single-labeling mapping strategy. The result shows that the accuracy of the multi-labeling approach is higher than a single-labeling adjustment. The system thus provides a first satisfactory step in the development of a more encompassing, integrated and dynamic medical support system.

Universiẗat, Diss--Ulm, 2007.

Göttingen, Univ., Diss., 2003.

Hannover, Med. Hochsch., Diss., 2006.

Universiẗat, Diss., 2005--Würzburg. / Erscheinungsjahr an der Haupttitelstelle: 2004.

Excerpt: Tinnitus is the sensation of ringing, buzzing, whooshing or other sound in the ears or head without an external stimulus. You are not alone if you feel that your experience with tinnitus has changed you as a person. It can impair your ability to carry out basic activities, such as sleeping, relaxing, or enjoying a quiet peaceful location. It can influence the ability to interact with other people.

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Excerpt: Tinnitus: Clinical and Research Perspectives summarizes contemporary findings from basic and clinical research regarding tinnitus mechanisms, effects, and interventions. The text features a collection of international authors, active researchers, and clinicians who provide an expansive scope of material that ensures relevance for patients and professionals. Reviews and reports of contemporary research findings underscore the text s value for classroom use in audiology and otolaryngology programs. Patients and students of audiology will benefit from the text s coverage of tinnitus mechanisms, emerging practice considerations, and expectations for outcomes--for example, recent successes of cognitive behavioral therapy, neuromodulation, and hearing aid use. These and other topics, such as the effects of noise and drugs on tinnitus, are reported in a way that enhances clinicians ability to weave such strategies into their own work. The influence of tinnitus on all aspects of life is explored, from art to medicine and communication to isolation, thereby providing clinicians and patients a deeper understanding of and greater facility managing a tinnitus experience. Finally, this text includes case studies that provide a practical view of tinnitus effects and management approaches. The editors hope that the consideration of mechanisms, interventions, and outcomes resonates with patients, clinicians, and students of audiology.

Trauma-provoked tinnitus challenges patients and clinicians. Effects of trauma may exacerbate tinnitus, and patients with both tinnitus and posttraumatic stress disorder rate distress levels as higher than patients who experience only one or the other. This presentation will highlight links between tinnitus and trauma histories relevant to clinical audiologists.