Submitted by PPG Servi?o Social (servico-social-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-01-26T17:57:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o - C?ntia Florence Nunes.pdf: 1688864 bytes, checksum: 886ae4c56050e33523c3cf37fe183b58 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-02-05T12:18:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o - C?ntia Florence Nunes.pdf: 1688864 bytes, checksum: 886ae4c56050e33523c3cf37fe183b58 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-05T12:22:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o - C?ntia Florence Nunes.pdf: 1688864 bytes, checksum: 886ae4c56050e33523c3cf37fe183b58 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-19 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / This dissertation seeks to investigate how the right to social assistance for a rural population has been constituted, in order to contribute with elements for the elaboration of social assistance policies directed to this segment. The understanding of social assistance, as a citizen's right and a duty of the State, of a non-contributory nature, is found in the Federal Constitution of 1988 which, together with social security and health, constitutes the Brazilian Social Security. In this sense, the Organic Law of Social Assistance (LOAS), of 1993, establishes, as one of its principles, the equality of rights in the access to the service to the urban and rural populations. The fulfilled research prioritizes the qualitative approach and is guided by Dialectical Historical Materialism. From the perspective of understanding the historical constitution of social assistance for the rural population, a bibliographic research is carried out in the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, between 2006 and 2016, seeking to identify the academic productions related to social assistance and the rural environment. In the same way, legislation in force in the context of social assistance are analyzed through documental research in the Federal Constitution of 1988, in the Organic Law of Social Assistance of 1993, in the National Social Assistance Policy (PNAS) and in the Basic Operational (NOB-SUAS), approved respectively in 2004 and 2005, in order to identify how they envisage the realization of the rights of the rural population. In addition, an empirical research is carried out with five users and four professionals in the Unified Social Assistance System (SUAS) located in rural areas, in a municipality in the metropolitan region of Rio Grande do Sul. For the data analysis, the Content Analysis technique was used. As a result, the present study reveals that the right to social assistance for the rural population has been insufficiently constituted, since the precariousness of the social assistance policy, under the aegis of neoliberalism, intensifies in rural areas, since even if the provision of public services in rural areas is historically more recent than in urban areas, as well as the (in) visibility of the rural, as a multidimensional phenomenon, since the working class living in the rural relationship between invisibility and visibility, in dialectically simultaneous processes. The (in) visibility of the rural can be identified from the following dimensions: the brief mention to the rural population in the legislations in the scope of the policy of social assistance, referring to the equity in the access to the urban and rural population, without further deepening; the precariousness of SUAS services in rural areas, since it is historically marked by the absence of social policies; the dependence of rural versus urban for the realization of much of the social rights that must be guaranteed to the rural population; the scarce production of knowledge on the subject. In addition, there is a process of moralization of the social issue, from the point of view of neoconservatism, which gains space in a scenario of capital crisis and deepening of neoliberal premises, which will have a direct impact on social policies, as well as, in rural areas, which is not isolated from the structural relations of contemporary capitalism. Thus, it is necessary to increase the production of knowledge about the subject, in order to guarantee the visibility of the rural; Continuing training for SUAS workers in the rural sector, with courses, seminars and other spaces for discussion about professional activity; and, finally, to consolidate work processes in the field of culture and politics, through a critical reflection with SUAS users on the conditions of social assistance policy and the need to guarantee universal social rights. / A presente disserta??o busca investigar como vem se constituindo o direito ? assist?ncia social para a popula??o rural, a fim de contribuir com elementos para a elabora??o das pol?ticas de assist?ncia social voltadas a este segmento. O entendimento da assist?ncia social, enquanto direito do cidad?o e dever do Estado, de car?ter n?o contributivo, encontra-se na Constitui??o Federal de 1988 que, juntamente ? previd?ncia e ? sa?de, constitui a Seguridade Social brasileira. Nesse sentido, a Lei Org?nica de Assist?ncia Social (LOAS), de 1993, estabelece, enquanto um de seus princ?pios, a igualdade de direitos no acesso ao atendimento ?s popula??es urbanas e rurais. A pesquisa realizada prioriza a abordagem qualitativa e ? orientada pelo Materialismo Hist?rico Dial?tico. Na perspectiva de compreender a constitui??o hist?rica da assist?ncia social para a popula??o rural, ? realizada uma pesquisa bibliogr?fica na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Disserta??es, no per?odo entre 2006 a 2016, buscando identificar as produ??es acad?micas referentes ? assist?ncia social e ao meio rural. Do mesmo modo, s?o analisadas as legisla??es vigentes no ?mbito da assist?ncia social por meio da pesquisa documental na Constitui??o Federal de 1988, na Lei Org?nica de Assist?ncia Social de 1993, na Pol?tica Nacional de Assist?ncia Social (PNAS) e as Normas de Opera??o B?sica da Assist?ncia Social (NOB-SUAS), aprovadas respectivamente em 2004 e 2012, a fim de identificar como estas preveem a materializa??o dos direitos ? popula??o rural. Ademais, ? ainda realizada uma pesquisa emp?rica junto a cinco usu?rios e quatro profissionais nos servi?os do Sistema ?nico de Assist?ncia Social (SUAS) localizados no espa?o rural, em um munic?pio na regi?o metropolitana do Rio Grande do Sul. Para a an?lise dos dados, foi utilizada a t?cnica da An?lise de Conte?do. Como resultado, o presente estudo revela que o direito ? assist?ncia social para a popula??o rural vem se constituindo de modo insuficiente, uma vez que a precariza??o da pol?tica de assist?ncia social, sob a ?gide do neoliberalismo, se intensifica no rural pois, mesmo que n?o seja algo exclusivo desse espa?o, a presta??o de servi?os p?blicos no rural ? historicamente mais recente que no meio urbano, al?m da (in)visibilidade do rural, enquanto um fen?meno pluridimensional, uma vez que a classe trabalhadora que vive no rural encontram-se nessa rela??o cont?nua entre invisibilidade e visibilidade, em processos dialeticamente simult?neos. A (in)visibilidade do rural pode ser identificado a partir das seguintes dimens?es: a breve men??o ? popula??o rural nas legisla??es no ?mbito da pol?tica de assist?ncia social, referindo-se ? equidade no acesso ? popula??o urbana e rural, sem um maior aprofundamento; a precariza??o dos servi?os do SUAS no rural, uma vez que historicamente ? marcado pela aus?ncia de pol?ticas sociais; a depend?ncia do rural frente ao urbano para a efetiva??o de boa parte dos direitos sociais que devem ser garantidos ? popula??o rural; a escassa produ??o do conhecimento sobre a tem?tica. Al?m disso, verifica-se o processo de moraliza??o da quest?o social, sob a ?tica do neoconservadorismo, que ganha espa?o em um cen?rio de crise do capital e aprofundamento das premissas neoliberais, que impactar? diretamente nas pol?ticas sociais, bem como, no espa?o rural, que n?o se encontra isolado das rela??es estruturais do capitalismo contempor?neo. Desse modo, aponta-se para a necessidade da amplia??o da produ??o de conhecimento acerca da tem?tica, a fim de garantir a visibilidade do rural; a forma??o continuada aos trabalhadores do SUAS no rural, com cursos, semin?rios e demais espa?os de discuss?o acerca da atua??o profissional; e, por fim, consolidar processos de trabalho no ?mbito da cultura e da pol?tica, por meio da reflex?o cr?tica junto aos usu?rios do SUAS sobre as condi??es da pol?tica de assist?ncia social e da necessidade da garantia de direitos sociais universais.