The present study looks into the two most conspicuous aspects of the Punjab's geography - population and agriculture - and their interrelationship. With a population of almost 49 million, the Punjab is not only the leading province of Pakistan but contains more people than, for example, Egypt, Iran, Turkey or Thailand. Furthermore, with 69 per cent of Pakistan's net sown area, the Province contains three fifths of the nation's agricultural labour force and produces three fourths of its wheat, one half of its rice and two thirds of its total foodgrains. The Punjab is thus not only Pakistan's "granary" but also one of the world's principal agricultural regions where continuous rapid population growth has created an unabated challenge to economic development. The analysis is directed first to the evolution of the region's population, which increased relatively slowly before 1921, but thereafter grew rapidly in the wake of sharply falling mortality. Regional variations in the Punjab's population growth have been connected not only with the rising rate of natural increase, but also with large scale redistribution due to agricultural expansion via canal irrigation development. Agricultural change bearing a stronger interconnection with rural population change, the urban-rural differential of population growth is studied in detail and this assists in providing an understanding of the patterns of population distribution. Secondly, the investigation focusses on the performance of the region's agriculture which, by employing more than half of Pakistan's total labour force and contributing almost one third of its GNP, plays a dominant role in the nation's development effort. In view of the multidimensionality of agricultural development, variations in the spatial patterning of land utilization and productivity since Independence are analyzed with respect to physical inputs as well as social and institutional forces. Finally, the interrelationships between the region's population growth and agricultural change for the period 1961-72 are investigated with a view to disentangling their nature and intensity. The Province's rapid population growth has not only exerted pressure on its resources and thus created a challenge to development, but has also multiplied its agricultural labour force, the effects of which on land utilization and productivity are analyzed. Correlation analysis reveals important regional variations in the interrelationships between population growth and agricultural change.

This thesis has used some techniques from mathematical demography to create thirteen projections of the Bangladesh female population at 5-year intervals from 1966 through 2026. Mathematical data gathered in Bangladesh by the Census Commission, Statistical Survey Research Unit (now Institute of Statistical Research and Training), Dacca University and by the Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (now Bangladesh Institute of Development Economics) was used. Details of the projections and findings are discussed.Bangladesh has an approximate population of 71,300,000. The biggest obstacle to rapid economic betterment is ran-a-way population growth. Social consequences of such growth are briefly considered.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

This thesis analyzes the retention of Marine Corps aviators before and after 9/11/2001. The retention analysis utilizes data from the Marine Corps' Total Force Data Warehouse (TFDW), the Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC) PERSTEMPO file, and Aviation Information Resources (AIR), Inc. The retention analysis focuses on how the increased operational tempo resulting from the Global War on Terror has affected the retention behavior of Marine aviators. Results indicate that the deployments resulting from the increased operational tempo post-9/11 have a negative effect on the retention of Marine aviators, as compared to the period before 9/11. The post-9/11 analysis reveals that as the number of deployments increases, non-hostile or hostile, the likelihood of retention decreases. Whereas Pre-9/11 aviators were not affected by deployments, the GWOT aviators have an increasingly negative response to deployments. This thesis provides several recommendations for reducing the effect of increased deployments on retention.

No description available.

No description available.

Emigration from Britain has been extensively studied from central sources. Using material available in North-East Scotland, in conjunction with centrally-held records in Edinburgh and London, this thesis investigates the factors which prompted and sustained emigration from North-East Scotland in the period 1830-1880. Potential emigrants were supplied with information from a wide range of sources and in the first section we examine the value, for both the emigrant and the historian, of material contained in newspapers, published and private correspondence, emigrant guidebooks and periodicals. A large part of the newspaper publicity dealt with the provision of shipping, obviously a vital component in the organization of emigration - however strong an individual's desire to emigrate, it could be achieved only through the provision of vessels, which were usually under the control of a network of agents in a number of ports. Some attention is paid to shipping facilities, to the role of the developing railway network in assisting emigration, and to the activities of a number of shipping and emigration agents who operated in North-East Scotland in the nineteenth century. In consulting local sources to discover why emigration took place from North-East Scotland at this time, it becomes apparent that pauperism had only a minor role in provoking removals from this area. The movement was primarily a planned, positive exodus of small farmers and farm workers, whose hopes of independence through the acquisition of a piece of land had been eroded by changes in farming methods. Most possessed moderate capital, which they used to emigrate, in the hope of securing a better future abroad. A study of the destinations favoured by North-East emigrants confirms their preoccupation with the possession of land and also their relative affluence. Most chose to settle in British America, primarily because it seemed to meet most fully their desire for agricultural land: interest in the USA and in Australia was more sporadic, partly because these areas seemed to offer the farming emigrant nothing which could not be had in British America - the Australian climate was suspect, and publicity for both areas, unlike that for Canada, gave as much emphasis to non-agricultural as to farming opportunities. Furthermore, political antagonism to the USA discouraged extensive emigration, while the stigma of convict settlement hampered the movement to Australia. On the other hand, despite the drawback of distance, New Zealand attracted a significant number of North-East emigrants, thanks partly to its acceptable 'Scottish' society, along with good farming opportunities, both of which were promoted by a number of agents in the North-East. Agency activity was also the cause of much of the exodus from North-East Scotland to the West Indies in the 1830s, while family connections and a desire to invest in profitable coffee-planting enterprises led to a significant North-East involvement in Ceylon. Stress is laid on the personal motives and particular combinations of stimuli which prompted many emigrants to remove from North-East Scotland. We suggest that other similar regional studies might, taken together, reflect more accurately the character of British emigration as a whole than the generalizations in pentral sources which form the basis of many current interpretations of nineteenth-century emigration.