A presente dissertação de mestrado, vinculada à Pós-graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Linha de Pesquisa Educação Especial e processos Inclusivos, tematiza a produção de conhecimento e o acolhimento da alteridade em educação especial pelas vias da estética. Trata-se de um estudo teórico, onde os conceitos dialogam com uma experiência formativa, através da análise das produções de uma professora-cursista, entre os anos de 2011 e 2014. O tecido argumentativo tem os fios Schiller. Outro operador importante são as formulações conceituais da pesquisadora Nadja Hermann ao aproximar a hermenêutica filosófica gadameriana da educação. Bakhtin ofereceu os instrumentos necessários a análise da forma enunciativa das narrativas e como determinam seu conteúdo. No entretecimento destes fios, os sentidos por ora propostos permitem distinguir nos escritos da professora Joana, dois gêneros enunciativos: o primeiro, instrutivo, extenso e descritivo. O segundo, de natureza poética, errante e capaz de estranhamento e acolhimento, possibilitando instaurar o diálogo. Esta análise, espera-se, estende à educação especial a possibilidade de questionar pressupostos naturalizados na prática pedagógica. / This dissertation for a Master's Degree, linked to the Graduate Program in Education of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Line of Research of Special Education and Inclusive Processes, studies the production of knowledge and acceptance of otherness in special education by way of aesthetics. This is a theoretical study, in which concepts dialogue with a formative experience, by analyzing the productions of a teacher-intraining, during 2011 to 2014. This argumentative material is based on Schiller. Another important element is the conceptual formulations of Nadja Hermann, the researcher, when bringing Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics to education. Bakhtin offered the necessary tools to analyze the expository form of narratives and how they determine their contents. In the interweaving of these elements, the meanings proposed for now allow us to distinguish two enunciative genres in the writings of Professor Joana: the first, the instructional, extensive and descriptive. The second genre, of a poetic nature, wandering and capable of estrangement and acceptance, making it possible to start a dialogue. It is expected that this analysis will extend the chance to question assumptions naturalized in pedagogical practice to special education.

A dissertação é uma pesquisa dos fundamentos filosóficos para o Direito Ambiental. Propondo-se, no primeiro capítulo, a nomear o bem comum ambiental como o fundamento e seus pressupostos antropológicos, políticos e jurídicos, a saber, o antropocentrismo harmônico, o cosmopolitismo e a teoria da justiça realista como instâncias complementares. Por contraste, dialogaremos com os pressupostos rivais: o antropocentrismo individualista, a soberania e o normativismo. O segundo capítulo tratará da aplicabilidade dos conceitos trabalhados anteriormente segundo três casos globais: o Protocolo de Quioto, a distribuição de água e os créditos de carbono. A metodologia aplicada é a análise conceitual dialética. / The dissertation is a research of the philosophical foundations for the Environmental Law. Intending, in this first chapter, to nominate the environmental well being as a fundament and its anthropological presuppositions, political and juridical to know, the harmonic anthropocentrism, the cosmopolitism and the theory of the realistic justice as complemented instances. In contrast, we will dialogue with the presupposed rival: the individualistic anthropocentrism, the sovereignty and the normativism. The second chapter will treat of the applicability of the concepts worked previously according with the three global cases: the Protocol of Kyoto, the distribution of water and Coal credits. The applied methodology is the conceptual dialectics analysis.

abstract: Do emotions help explain our behaviors? Can they condemn us, excuse us, orr mitigate our moral responsibility orr blameworthiness? Can they explain our rationality and irrationality, orr warrant such attributions? Can they be justified orr warranted? Are they constitutive aspects of our consciousness, identity, characters, virtues, orr epistemic status? The answer to these questions, at least to a significant extent, depends on what emotions are. This illustrates the importance of what emotions are to academics across multiple disciplines, as well as to members of governing bodies, organizations, communities, and groups. Given the great importance of emotions to various aspects of our lives, this dissertation is about the relevance of the topic of emotion as an area of study for the discipline of philosophy. This dissertation is also broadly about the need to bridge the interests, concerns, and collective bodies of knowledge between various distinct disciplines, thereby contributing to the process of unifying knowledge across the various disciplines within the realm of academia. The primary aim in this dissertation is to initiate the unification of the interests, concerns, and collective bodies of knowledge across disciplines of academia. To do so, however, this dissertation aims to bridge some disciplinary divides between the disciplines of philosophy and psychology. I fulfill this aim by first demonstrating that interdisciplinary research and theorizing is needed within the disciplines of philosophy and psychology. I do this by considering how the problem of skepticism arises within these two disciplines. I also derive, propose, and argue for the acceptance of a new foundation for academic research and theorizing in response to the problem of skepticism. I refer to my proposal, in general, as The Proposal for Unification without Consilience (UC). / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Philosophy 2014

abstract: Data privacy is emerging as one of the most serious concerns of big data analytics, particularly with the growing use of personal data and the ever-improving capability of data analysis. This dissertation first investigates the relation between different privacy notions, and then puts the main focus on developing economic foundations for a market model of trading private data. The first part characterizes differential privacy, identifiability and mutual-information privacy by their privacy--distortion functions, which is the optimal achievable privacy level as a function of the maximum allowable distortion. The results show that these notions are fundamentally related and exhibit certain consistency: (1) The gap between the privacy--distortion functions of identifiability and differential privacy is upper bounded by a constant determined by the prior. (2) Identifiability and mutual-information privacy share the same optimal mechanism. (3) The mutual-information optimal mechanism satisfies differential privacy with a level at most a constant away from the optimal level. The second part studies a market model of trading private data, where a data collector purchases private data from strategic data subjects (individuals) through an incentive mechanism. The value of epsilon units of privacy is measured by the minimum payment such that an individual's equilibrium strategy is to report data in an epsilon-differentially private manner. For the setting with binary private data that represents individuals' knowledge about a common underlying state, asymptotically tight lower and upper bounds on the value of privacy are established as the number of individuals becomes large, and the payment--accuracy tradeoff for learning the state is obtained. The lower bound assures the impossibility of using lower payment to buy epsilon units of privacy, and the upper bound is given by a designed reward mechanism. When the individuals' valuations of privacy are unknown to the data collector, mechanisms with possible negative payments (aiming to penalize individuals with "unacceptably" high privacy valuations) are designed to fulfill the accuracy goal and drive the total payment to zero. For the setting with binary private data following a general joint probability distribution with some symmetry, asymptotically optimal mechanisms are designed in the high data quality regime. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Electrical Engineering 2016

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-04-22Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:49:24Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 almeida_ff_me_ia.pdf: 1603074 bytes, checksum: d72da747934c44f3bd0db13daa6ff052 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / O artista consciente do seu papel na sociedade – na qual vive e produz – pode e deve ser o primeiro crítico de suas obras. A análise de sua própria práxis, inserida no panorama artístico contemporâneo e, ao mesmo tempo dialogando com o legado da visualidade na pintura, contribui para a elaboração desta reflexão: as técnicas e os temas, os materiais e suportes adotados, refletem as suas escolhas, os processos e os procedimentos a sua poética. A reflexão resultante da compilação de teorias da arte pertinentes ao objeto também buscou nos discursos dos artistas – correspondência , notas, depoimentos e escritos em geral – as bases par s sua elaboração. Escolhidos por afinidade de gosto ou estilo, artistas como Cézanne, Van Gogh, Gauguin e Matisse – além dos brasileiros Rubens Gerchman e João Câmara – têm seus escritos e reflexões sustentado e elucidando suas poéticas. A crítica – neste caso, a autocritica – é apresentada como uma parte integrante da obra de arte comparada numa metáfora ao toque final dado pelo artista numa pintura: a demão de verniz. / The artist conscious of his role in the society – in which he lives and produces – can and must be the first critic of his artistic works. The analysis of the praxis that is inserted lin the contemporary artistic scene and, at the same and at the time, dialoguing with the legacy of the visuality in the painting contibutes to the elaboration from this reflexion the tecniques and the themes, the materials and adopted supports, reflect their choices, the processses and procedures; its poetic. The reflection, resulting from the theories compilation of the art pertinent at the object, also looked for in the artists discourse – correspondences, notes, depositions and writings in general – the bases for its elaboration. Chosen by afinity or style artists like Cézanne, Van Gogh, Gauguin and Matisse – beyond the brazilians Rubens Gerchman and João Câmara – have their writings and reflections sustainning and elucidating their poetics. The critic – in this case, the self-criticism – is presented as an integral part of the art work, compared in a metaphor to the final touch given by the artist in a painting the varnish coating.

This thesis explores educational pluralism in the context of the American public school system and analyzes the charter school movement as a mechanism for education reform. Because charter schools have only existed for 26 years, scholars have yet to understand the effect that they have on our public school system, as well as how they compare with traditional public schools. Rather than trying to determine whether charter schools are better than traditional public schools, I introduce the philosophy behind educational pluralism, examine the evolution of the charter school movement, and analyze states as laboratories for testing new educational practices through charter schools.

A presente dissertação de mestrado, vinculada à Pós-graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Linha de Pesquisa Educação Especial e processos Inclusivos, tematiza a produção de conhecimento e o acolhimento da alteridade em educação especial pelas vias da estética. Trata-se de um estudo teórico, onde os conceitos dialogam com uma experiência formativa, através da análise das produções de uma professora-cursista, entre os anos de 2011 e 2014. O tecido argumentativo tem os fios Schiller. Outro operador importante são as formulações conceituais da pesquisadora Nadja Hermann ao aproximar a hermenêutica filosófica gadameriana da educação. Bakhtin ofereceu os instrumentos necessários a análise da forma enunciativa das narrativas e como determinam seu conteúdo. No entretecimento destes fios, os sentidos por ora propostos permitem distinguir nos escritos da professora Joana, dois gêneros enunciativos: o primeiro, instrutivo, extenso e descritivo. O segundo, de natureza poética, errante e capaz de estranhamento e acolhimento, possibilitando instaurar o diálogo. Esta análise, espera-se, estende à educação especial a possibilidade de questionar pressupostos naturalizados na prática pedagógica. / This dissertation for a Master's Degree, linked to the Graduate Program in Education of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Line of Research of Special Education and Inclusive Processes, studies the production of knowledge and acceptance of otherness in special education by way of aesthetics. This is a theoretical study, in which concepts dialogue with a formative experience, by analyzing the productions of a teacher-intraining, during 2011 to 2014. This argumentative material is based on Schiller. Another important element is the conceptual formulations of Nadja Hermann, the researcher, when bringing Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics to education. Bakhtin offered the necessary tools to analyze the expository form of narratives and how they determine their contents. In the interweaving of these elements, the meanings proposed for now allow us to distinguish two enunciative genres in the writings of Professor Joana: the first, the instructional, extensive and descriptive. The second genre, of a poetic nature, wandering and capable of estrangement and acceptance, making it possible to start a dialogue. It is expected that this analysis will extend the chance to question assumptions naturalized in pedagogical practice to special education.

A dissertação é uma pesquisa dos fundamentos filosóficos para o Direito Ambiental. Propondo-se, no primeiro capítulo, a nomear o bem comum ambiental como o fundamento e seus pressupostos antropológicos, políticos e jurídicos, a saber, o antropocentrismo harmônico, o cosmopolitismo e a teoria da justiça realista como instâncias complementares. Por contraste, dialogaremos com os pressupostos rivais: o antropocentrismo individualista, a soberania e o normativismo. O segundo capítulo tratará da aplicabilidade dos conceitos trabalhados anteriormente segundo três casos globais: o Protocolo de Quioto, a distribuição de água e os créditos de carbono. A metodologia aplicada é a análise conceitual dialética. / The dissertation is a research of the philosophical foundations for the Environmental Law. Intending, in this first chapter, to nominate the environmental well being as a fundament and its anthropological presuppositions, political and juridical to know, the harmonic anthropocentrism, the cosmopolitism and the theory of the realistic justice as complemented instances. In contrast, we will dialogue with the presupposed rival: the individualistic anthropocentrism, the sovereignty and the normativism. The second chapter will treat of the applicability of the concepts worked previously according with the three global cases: the Protocol of Kyoto, the distribution of water and Coal credits. The applied methodology is the conceptual dialectics analysis.

Fundações por estacas escavadas com trado mecânico têm sido largamente empregadas para cargas de pequeno e médio porte. Como o processo executivo não consegue evitar a deterioração das propriedades do solo in situ no fundo da escavação, a única parcela confiável de resistência é aquela referente ao atrito lateral. No entanto, a ponta dessas estacas, muitas vezes, atinge estratos com resistência relativamente elevada e não consegue aproveitar as qualidades do estrato. O presente trabalho visou o estudo do comportamento desse tipo de estaca no perfil geotécnico típico da cidade de Londrina, através da execução de provas de carga dinâmica em 16 estacas de 0,25 m de diâmetro e 12 m de comprimento, sendo três estacas tradicionais e 13 estacas com ponta modificada. Foram feitas, também, provas de carga estática em duas estacas tradicionais, inspeção das pontas de todas as estacas e determinação dos parâmetros de resistência do solo. Os resultados mostraram que todas as modificações pesquisadas permitiram a utilização da carga estrutural nominal das estacas e que a mais eficiente foi a do tipo que promoveu a melhoria do solo na ponta com a adição de um estabilizante de solo. / Auger pile foundations have been widely employed for light to medium loads. As the executive process can’t avoid the degradation of the bottom excavation in situ soil properties, the only reliable resistance is a lateral friction parcel. However, these tip piles, many times, reaches relatively resistant strata and can’t take advantage from these strata qualities. The present paper seems study the performance of this kind of piles in typical geotechnical profile of Londrina, by dynamic load tests on 16 piles with diameter equal 0,25 m and length of 12 m, when three traditional piles and on thirteen kinds with tip modification. Were made, also, static load tests on three traditional piles, tip investigation on all piles and soil resistance parameters determination. The results shaw that all modifications researched was able to use the nominal structural load of piles and that the more efficient of them was the soil improvement by soil stabilizer addition.

The advent of quantum computing has challenged classical conceptions of which problems are efficiently solvable in our physical world. This raises the general question of what broad relationships exist between physical principles and computation. The current thesis explores this question within the operationally-defined framework of generalised probabilistic theories. In particular, we investigate the limits on computational power imposed by simple physical principles. At present, the best known upper bound on the power of quantum computers is that <b>BQP</b> is contained in <b>AWPP</b>, where <b>AWPP</b> is a classical complexity class contained in PP. We define a circuit-based model of computation in the above mentioned operational framework and show that in theories where local measurements suffice for tomography, efficient computations are also contained in <b>AWPP</b>. Moreover, we explicitly construct a theory in which the class of efficiently solvable problems exactly equals <b>AWPP</b>, showing this containment to be tight. We also investigate how simple physical principles bound the power of computational paradigms which combine computation and communication in a non-trivial fashion, such as interactive proof systems. Additionally, we show how some of the essential components of computational algorithms arise from certain natural physical principles. We use these results to investigate the relationship between interference behaviour and computational power, demonstrating that non-trivial interference behaviour is a general resource for post-classical computation. We then investigate whether post-quantum interference is a resource for post-quantum computation. Sorkin has defined a hierarchy of possible post-quantum interference behaviours where, informally, the order in the hierarchy corresponds to the number of paths that have an irreducible interaction in a multi-slit experiment. In quantum theory, at most pairs of paths can ever interact in a fundamental way. We consider how Grover's speed-up depends on the order of interference in a theory, and show that, surprisingly, the quadratic lower bound holds regardless of the order of interference.