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Thesis (Ph. D. in Biological Sciences)--Vanderbilt University, Aug. 2009. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

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Orientador: Sara Terezinha Olalla Saad / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T12:26:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Borges_Luciene_D.pdf: 3990737 bytes, checksum: 7c865de830ecbe5f830e992e6c69fb2c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Estímulo mecânico é um dos principais eventos envolvidos na hipertrofia cardíaca que afeta vários componentes de vias de sinalização do miocárdio. Recentemente, um novo transcrito altamente expresso em músculo cardíaco, denominado de ARHGAP21, foi descrito como um membro da família de proteínas Rho GAP, que demonstrou atividade catalítica sobre Cdc42 e interação com ARF1, ARF6 e a-catenina, proteínas importantes do remodelamento do citoesqueleto e junções aderentes. No presente estudo, tivemos como objetivo analisar a expressão da ARHGAP21 em resposta ao estresse mecânico agudo em corações de ratos adultos, e sua associação com FAK e PKC?. Utilizando-se fracionamento subcelular, microscopia confocal e eletrônica, demonstramos que ARHGAP21 relocaliza-se das regiões nucleares e miofilamentos para linhas Z, discos intercalares e costâmeros de cardiomiócitos submetidos à sobrecarga de pressão, sugerindo que esta roteína pode desenvolver uma importante função no remodelamento cardíaco. Além do mais, ensaio de imunoprecipitação mostrou que ARHGAP21 interage com PKC? e FAK em ratos controle, submetidos à coarctação da aorta e espontaneamente hipertensos (SHR). Três diferentes regiões de FAK, contendo cauda de GST acoplada, foram utilizadas em ensaio de ligação in vitro, demonstrando que ARHGAP21 se liga à porção carboxi terminal de FAK. Além disso, ARHGAP21 associa-se à PKC? fosforilada em Thr410 em o-imunoprecipitados de extratos protéicos de ratos controle e SHR. Entretanto, ARHGAP21 associa-se apenas à FAK fosforilada em Tyr925 em SHR. Também foi verificado que PKC? é fosforilada por estímulo mecânico. Estes resultados sugerem que ARHGAP21 pode atuar como uma molécula sinalizadora ou proteína adaptadora das vias de sinalização de FAK e PKC? em cardiomiócitos, provavelmente desempenhando importante função durante estresse cardíaco / Abstract: Mechanical stimulus is one of the major events involved in cardiac hypertrophy, and affects components of essential myocardium signaling pathways. Recently, we described a highly expressed mRNA in the cardiac muscle as a member of the RhoGAP family of proteins, ARHGAP21, which demonstrated GAP activity over Cdc42 and interacted with ARF1, ARF6 and a-catenin important proteins of the cytoskeleton assembly and adherent junctions. In the present work, we aimed to analyze the expression of ARHGAP21 in response to acute mechanical stress in the adult rat heart and its association with FAK and PKC? proteins. By subcellular fractionation, confocal and immunoelectron microscopy, we demonstrated that ARHGAP21 is relocated from the nucleus to the plasma membrane, Z-lines and costameres of cardiomyocytes submitted to pressure overload conditions, suggesting that this protein may develop a role in cardiac remodeling. Furthermore, immunoprecipitation assay showed that ARHGAP21 interacted with PKC? and FAK in control rats, rats submitted to aortic clamping and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Using three different GST-tagged regions of FAK, we found that ARHGAP21 binds to the carboxyl terminal portion of FAK. Moreover, ARHGAP21 binds to PKC? phosphorylated on Thr410 in co-immunoprecipitates of protein extracts from sham control rats and SHR. However, ARHGAP21 only binds to FAK phophorylated on Tyr925 of SHR. We have also shown that PKC? is phosphorylated by mechanical stimuli. Altogether, these results suggest that ARHGAP21 may act as a signaling molecule or scaffold protein of FAK and PKC? signaling pathways in cardiomyocytes, probably developing an important function during cardiac stress / Doutorado / Biologia Estrutural, Celular, Molecular e do Desenvolvimento / Doutor em Fisiopatologia Medica

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a family of extracellular endopeptidases, are implicated in angiogenesis because of their ability to selectively degrade components of the extracellular matrix. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), increased in the heart post-myocardial infarction (post-MI), plays a protective role in the pathophysiology of left ventricular (LV) remodeling following MI. Here we studied expression of various angiogenic genes affected by IL-1β in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) and investigated the signaling pathways involved in the regulation of MMP-2. cDNA array analysis of 96 angiogenesis-related genes indicated that IL-1β modulates the expression of numerous genes, notably increasing the expression of MMP-2, not MMP-9. RT-PCR and Western blot analyses confirmed increased expression of MMP-2 in response to IL-1β. Gelatin in-gel zymography and Biotrak activity assay demonstrated that IL-1β increases MMP-2 activity in the conditioned media. IL-1β activated ERK1/2, JNKs, and protein kinase C (PKC), specifically PKCα/β1, and inhibition of these cascades partially inhibited IL-1β-stimulated increases in MMP-2. Inhibition of PKCα/β1 failed to inhibit ERK1/2. However, concurrent inhibition of PKCα/β1 and ERK1/2 almost completely inhibited IL-1β-mediated increases in MMP-2 expression. Inhibition of p38 kinase and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) had no effect. Pretreatment with superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic, MnTMPyP, increased MMP-2 protein levels, whereas pretreatment with SOD and catalase mimetic, EUK134, partially inhibited IL-1β-stimulated increases in MMP-2 protein levels. Exogenous H2O2 significantly increased MMP-2 protein levels, whereas superoxide generation by xanthine/xanthine oxidase had no effect. This in vitro study suggests that IL-1β modulates expression and activity of MMP-2 in CMECs.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(農学) / 甲第19028号 / 農博第2106号 / 新制||農||1030(附属図書館) / 学位論文||H27||N4910(農学部図書室) / 31979 / 京都大学大学院農学研究科食品生物科学専攻 / (主査)教授 入江 一浩, 教授 安達 修二, 教授 保川 清 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Agricultural Science / Kyoto University / DGAM