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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Available also from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International.

Syftet med denna studie är att belysa och undersöka hur individer med diagnosen ADHD upplever att det är att leva med ADHD och hur de upplever att deras funktionsnedsättning har påverkat deras identitet och tillhörighet till omgivningen och om tidpunkten för diagnostiseringen har påverkat deras identitet och upplevelser av tillhörighet. Jag vill även undersöka hur vanligt förekommande det är att dessa individer med ADHD någonsin har upplevt sig bli stigmatiserade av samhället på grund av sin diagnos. Jag har genom att utföra halvstrukturerade livsvärldsintervjuer försökt att få svar på dessa frågor och med hjälp av socialpsykologiska teorier så som Vanessa Mays teori om tillhörighet, Erving Goffmans teori om Stigma och Jonas Stiers och Anthony Giddens perspektiv på identitetsteorin och även med hjälp av ett antal vetenskapliga artiklar analyserat mitt insamlade empiriska material. De individer som jag har intervjuat bor i olika delar av Sverige utan någon relation till varandra, varav två av dessa intervjuer utfördes genom video-chattprogrammet Skype på grund av avståndet mellan oss. Alla respondenter är vuxna individer i åldrarna 24-60 och de hade många erfarenheter av att leva med funktionsnedsättningen ADHD. I resultatet av arbetet kan jag urskilja tydliga tecken av att dessa respondenter har upplevt att deras diagnos har påverkat deras identitet och tillhörighet till omgivningen och att på grund av att de fick sina diagnoser i vuxen ålder kan ha påverkats både negativt och positivt av dessa erfarenheter. De har även alla upplevt ett utanförskap på grund av sin funktionsnedsättning och sin diagnos, vilket kan tolkas som att de har varit stigmatiserade.

This report addresses the issue of stigma surrounding people living with the human immunodeficiency virus and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or HIV/AIDS. It examines the relationship between the disease and a person’s willingness to seek treatment and how an HIV diagnosis affects self-acceptance, family relationships, friendships and well being of people living with HIV/AIDS. In many cases the self-imposed stigma is just as menacing as external stigma. The global pandemic of HIV/AIDS affects every class, color and creed. It is a public health crisis that quietly infects new victims daily. In the thirty years since its discovery there is still no known cure. The passage of the Ryan White act was the federal government’s first official response to the issue. While the disease is manageable for many who can afford expensive anti-retroviral medication, the side effects and psychological turmoil they face is oftentimes unbearable. This report, and the accompanying video, Stigma, which can be found at http://christinaburkephoto.blogspot.com/ examines the social and psychological effects on people living with HIV/AIDS. / text

This is a qualitative study that has investigated four people's experiences of making a physical change of life. With narrative depth interviews, the study was characterized by the informants own experience of their experiences and thoughts. With questions surrounding their experiences of alienation, belonging to the standard, people's attitude and prejudices against their appearance. The investigation revealed that the informants experienced shared experiences and things that separated them. The conclusion based on the people in this study was that people with low self-esteem are at greater risk for experiencing alienation. Despite the fact that a person belongs to the norm, the person can experience a dissatisfaction with themselves and still feel that they does not fit. The perception of self and self-esteem is improved not only by belonging to the norm. However, a person who belongs to the norm experience the benefits by including a friendly reception from their surroundings. The perception of others' prejudices and treatment does not always match the reality. It may be due to their own uncertainty in the person that makes misjudgments of their surroundings.

Stigma is one of the key barriers to mental health services and there has been growing efforts to develop anti-stigma programs. However, little research has been done on quantifying experiences of stigma and their psychosocial impacts in the perspectives of those that suffer from mental illnesses. It is essential to develop an instrument that quantifies the extent and impact of stigma. Therefore, we conducted a study to field-test The Inventory of Stigmatizing Experiences and measure the difference in perceived stigma and its psychosocial impacts on Korean and Canadian patients with Depression and Bipolar disorders. A cross-sectional comparison study was conducted. Data collection took place at tertiary care hospitals located in Kingston, Ontario, Canada and Seoul, South Korea. In total, 214 Canadian and 51 Korean individuals with depression and bipolar disorder participated. Canadian participants reported significantly higher experience with stigma (p << 0.05) and its impact (p << 0.05) compared to Korean participants. Moreover, patients with bipolar disorder had significantly higher scores on both stigma experience and impact compared to patients with depression (p << 0.05). However, the diagnosis status was not a significant factor in the linear regression analyses, whereas nationality remained as a strong predictor of stigma. Age of symptom onset was also a strong predictor for both stigma experience and stigma impact. Marital status was also a significant factor for stigma impact. Both subscales of the inventory (the stigma experiences scale and the stigma impact scale) were highly reliable, with reliability coefficients of 0.81 and 0.93, respectively. In conclusion, there seems to be higher level of stigma and impact in the Canadian population compared to the Korean population. In addition, bipolar disorder patients may experience more stigma and higher impact compared to patients with depression. These differences in stigma experience and its impact in different populations (by nationality and diagnosis) suggest the need to develop more tailored anti-stigma programs. The Inventory of Stigmatizing Experiences is a highly reliable instrument. / Thesis (Master, Neuroscience Studies) -- Queen's University, 2012-08-17 12:23:14.762

Objectives. To design a group-based, psychoeducational and behavioural modification course to help individuals with mood and anxiety disorders who are directly affected by mental health stigma. Second, to gather feedback on the course content and design using focus groups, then to finalize the course sessions. Methods. Course development occurred in two phases. Phase I included content that was based on published research, including readings of personal experiences, and informal conversations with mental health service providers and mental health service consumers. In Phase II, three focus groups were conducted to gather feedback. Focus Group 1 included ten mental health service providers, Focus Group 2 included twelve mental health service consumers, and Focus Group 3 included three experts in the field of mental health stigma. Results. All three groups had a positive reaction to the draft course and many suggestions were offered based upon focus group members’ personal experiences dealing with mental health stigma. All suggestions were taken into consideration and many were applied to refine the course content. Conclusion. The revised anti-stigma course content is based on a compilation of research and suggestions taken from a wide variety of sources. This should ensure a comprehensive, feasible, and effective course. Development of this course is the first step towards a larger project aimed at reducing stigma directly experienced by those affected by mood and anxiety disorders in an effort to better their lives and encourage both resiliency and recovery. / Thesis (Master, Neuroscience Studies) -- Queen's University, 2012-09-24 21:04:08.965

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This study examined the effect of varying levels of competence and warmth portrayed by an obese woman, on the evaluation of obese individuals in general. The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) provided a theoretical basis for the four interventions and one control group tested in this study. The interventions involved presenting, either online or in-person, a vignette of an obese woman with varying levels (high versus low) of competence and warmth to 400 first year university students. Several measures were used to evaluate feelings, attitudes, stereotypes, and levels of perceived competence and warmth both prior to receiving the intervention and at three follow-up times. Results revealed significant effects of the warmth intervention on measures of competence and warmth at the post-test 1 time, and of the warmth intervention on measures of competence in examining changes over a two-week time period. Results also showed significant effects of presentation condition, the most interesting finding being that those in the online condition reported the greatest decrease in negative stereotypes and evaluations. Limitations of this study including design flaws are identified, as are suggestions for future research, and implications of these findings.