Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent) / Teething, a common subject of discussion among nursing mothers has been held responsible for a variety of childhood ailments by both health professionals and parents. It appears to be a social construct coined by society to express the experience the child goes through during early days of childhood. Teething to the dental profession is the biological expression of tooth movement, in a predominantly axial direction, from the tooth's developmental position within the jaws to its emergence in the oral cavity. Several studies have reported both health professionals and parents to attribute local and systematic disturbances to the eruption of the primary dentition. The mothers experience and understanding of teeting have not been reported on. The aim of this study was therefore to explore the mothers experience of their child's teething. The objectives of the study were to determine what mothers understood by the term teething; to establish the signs and symptoms mothers associate with teething; to ascertain the treatment sought by mothers for their child's teething; to investigate how mothers in different setting understand and respond to teething. / South Africa

Magister Chirurgiae Dentium - MChD / The aim of this study was to determine how effective a chewing gum regime is in treating the common minor complaints of third molar surgery. The efficacy of a six-day chewing gum regimen in reducing pain, swelling and trismus after third molar surgery was compared to no chewing gum therapy. Third molar surgery is an important part of any maxillofacial surgery practice. There is an ongoing quest to find new and innovative methods to treat the minor complaints of this procedure. / South Africa

Comprehensive and accurate diagnosis and treatment planning is crucial in successful orthodontics. An essential part of the diagnostic exercise is to determine whether there is a tooth size/arch length discrepancy (Bishara, 2001). The mixed dentition space analysis is one method of determining this (Moyers, 1973). The procedure requires the measurement of the anteroposterior dimension of the crowns of erupted teeth and the prediction of the size of the crowns of the unerupted permanent canine and premolar teeth. The comparison of tooth sizes enables the calculation of the ‘leeway space’, which may provide for the transition to the full intercuspation of the first permanent first molars as well as the relief of a certain amount of crowding in the arch (Gianelly, 1995). To date, the application of data of methods of measuring and estimating tooth size have been limited by the relative complexities of the method (Paredes et al, 2006), and the application of the data has been limited by the demographic profile of the patient (Schirmer and Wiltshire, 1997; Khan, 2006). The aim of this study is to develop a technique of precisely measuring the mesiodistal tooth size of the crowns of teeth from computerized images of panoramic x-rays, using the Leica QWin© System of Image Analysis (Leica, UK(Pty) Ltd). Ideally, this method would be accurate, reproducible and easy to use by a clinician. Thirty sets of study casts and the corresponding panoramic radiographs of patients in the mixed dentition stage of dental development were chosen, according to specific criteria, from the archived records of the Undergraduate Clinic at The School of Oral Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand. On the study casts, the mesio-distal widths of the second deciduous molar (‘e’) and of the first permanent molar (‘6’) teeth in each quadrant were measured with a digital vernier caliper. The corresponding radiographs were digitally photographed at a fixed distance, and uploaded onto the computer programme. A magnification factor was determined using the image of a premeasured object. The images of the ‘e’ and the ‘6’, together with the image of the unerupted second premolar tooth (‘5’) were measured with the calibrated linear function of the Leica QWin© System. The data was thus corrected for by the relevant magnification factor. The size differential between the ‘e’ and the ‘5’, representative of the leeway space, was then calculated. A calculation of the intra-examiner repeatability demonstrated a low co-efficient of variation of the measurements recorded on both the study casts and on the computer. The measurements of the teeth taken on the study casts were compared with the corrected measurements of the same teeth taken from the computer images of the teeth. Tooth size measurements taken with the Leica QWin System were greater than those taken with the vernier calipers. In both methods the sizes of the teeth were larger in the mandible than in the maxilla. This observation was also reported by Kraus et al (1969). The values for leeway space were calculated in both jaws. The mean values of leeway space in the maxilla were 0.81mm on the left hand side and 1.08mm on the right hand side, and 2.43mm on the left hand side and 2.59mm on the right hand side in the mandible. These values were similar to those recorded by Nance (1947) and by Bishara et al (1988) who also found that values of leeway space were smaller in the maxilla than in the mandible. The accuracy of the measurements taken with the proposed method was found to be dependent upon correct patient positioning in the focal trough of the machine at the time of panoramic radiographic exposure, the use of a marker known in size placed at the site to be measured in order to correct measurements for magnification and the definition of corresponding mesio-distal points on the teeth from which measurements would be taken on both sets of records.

Yes

Neste estudo analisou-se o tamanho de dentes naturais superiores de 119 indivíduos com idade entre 20 e 30 anos. Mediu-se a largura e a altura de todos os dentes superiores em modelos de gesso, com auxílio de um paquímetro digital. Aferiu-se também o tamanho de dentes artificiais de três marcas comerciais. Essa análise permitiu a identificação do que freqüentemente ocorre na dentição natural. Concluiu-se que: aproximadamente 48% dos incisivos centrais superiores naturais possuem a largura maior que 9,0mm. Em contrapartida, somente 14,28% dos incisivos centrais superiores artificiais analisados possuíam essa dimensão. Aproximadamente 64% dos indivíduos da pesquisa possuíam o dente 14 com largura maior que 7,0mm. Nas cartelas de dentes artificiais aferidas, encontrou-se apenas um modelo com dimensão mesiodistal superior a 7,0mm. Cerca de 74% dos primeiros molares superiores naturais possuíam altura menor que 7,0mm. Somente um modelo artificial possui altura menor que 7,0mm. A adequação das dimensões dos dentes artificiais facilitaria a montagem dos dentes e traria a estética almejada ao portador de reabilitações protéticas. / In this study, the size of natural maxillary teeth of 119 individuals between 20 and 30 years old were analyzed. The width and the height of all of the upper teeth on the casts were measured with a digital caliper. The size of the artificial teeth of three commercial marks was also checked. That analysis allowed the identification of what frequently occurs in the natural dentition. The conclusion was that: approximately 48% of the width of natural maxillary central incisor was greater than 9,0mm. However, only 14,28% of the artificial central upper incisor analyzed had that dimension. Approximately 64% of the population in the research had tooth 14 with width larger than 7,0mm. In the moulds of the teeth available, was found only a model with mesiodistal dimension over 7,0mm. Around 74% of the height of natural maxillary first molars was smaller than 7,0mm. Only an artificial model had height smaller than 7,0mm. The adaptation of the dimensions by artificial teeth would facilitate the assembly of the teeth and would bring the esthetics desired for to the user of the prosthetic replacements.

Bibliography: leaves 348-366. Elucidates the nature and extent of genetic and environmental contributions to variation in permanent tooth crown size. Sibling correlations are compared to find evidence of sex-linked genes contributing to crown size. This hypothesis was tested by comparing mean tooth size in female-male opposite-sex twins with same-sex twins, and singletons.

Bibliography: leaves 348-366. / x, 366 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Elucidates the nature and extent of genetic and environmental contributions to variation in permanent tooth crown size. Sibling correlations are compared to find evidence of sex-linked genes contributing to crown size. This hypothesis was tested by comparing mean tooth size in female-male opposite-sex twins with same-sex twins, and singletons. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Dentistry, 1998

Bibliography: leaves 348-366. / x, 366 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Elucidates the nature and extent of genetic and environmental contributions to variation in permanent tooth crown size. Sibling correlations are compared to find evidence of sex-linked genes contributing to crown size. This hypothesis was tested by comparing mean tooth size in female-male opposite-sex twins with same-sex twins, and singletons. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Dentistry, 1998

Thesis (doctoral)--Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, 1984. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (p. 199-208).

Thesis (doctoral)--Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, 1984. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (p. 199-208).