Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-09-08T13:37:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Mariana Guedes Camargo.pdf: 1490617 bytes, checksum: fa92cbaf85207d3979daee781f5d74b1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-08T13:37:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Mariana Guedes Camargo.pdf: 1490617 bytes, checksum: fa92cbaf85207d3979daee781f5d74b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-18 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The formulations of entomopathogenic fungi to control ticks has been widely studied. The present study evaluated the efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato (s.l.) and Beauveria bassiana oily formulations on different Rhipicephalus microplus stages. The efficacy of conidial aqueous suspensions was compared to the efficacy of conidia formulated in 10, 15 or 20% mineral oil. Twelve groups were studied: one control aqueous, three control groups oil-based at 10%, 15% or 20%, two fungal aqueous suspensions of M. anisopliae s.l. or B. bassiana and M. anisopliae s.l. or B. bassiana oil-based formulations at 10%, 15% or 20%. To prepare aqueous suspensions and oily formulations, fungal isolates were cultivated on grains rice in polypropylene bags. The conidial suspensions and formulations had concentration of 108 conidia/mL. Bioassays were repeated twice. After treatment, the biological parameters of engorged females were evaluated; the following parameters were evaluated in the bioassays with eggs: period of incubation, period of hatch and hatching percentage; in bioassays with larva mortality was evaluated. Metarhizium anisopliae s.l. and B. bassiana oil-based formulations were more effective than aqueous suspensions to R. microplus eggs, larvae and engorged females. Metarhizium anisopliae s.l. oil-based formulations caused significant effects in all biological parameters of engorged females while B. bassiana oil-based formulations modified significantly the nutritional index only. Metarhizium anisopliae s.l. and B. bassiana formulated in mineral oil caused a control percentage up to 93.69% and 21.67%, respectively, while M. anisopliae s.l. and B. bassiana aqueous suspension caused a control percentage of 18.70% and 1.72%, respectively. Eggs treated with M. anisopliae s.l. and B. bassiana oil-based formulations had reduced percentage of hatch up to 102.5 and 3.65 times, respectively. In the bioassay with larvae, M. anisopliae s.l. oil-based formulations caused approximately 100% mortality five days after treatment, while larva treated with B. bassiana oil-based formulations reached 100% mortality only at day 20 after treatment. Larva from oil-based control groups had mortality at day 15 after treatment, indicating possible toxic effect off the oil for this R. microplus stage. The results showed that M. anisopliae s.l., Ma 959 isolate, was more virulent to R. microplus engorged females, eggs and larvae than B. bassiana, Bb 986 isolate. The fungal mineral oily formulations tested were more effective than the aqueous suspension. Oil-based formulations at 10%, 15% or 20% enhances the activity of M. anisopliae s.l., Ma 959, and B. bassiana, Bb 986, to R. microplus tick and can be used as an adjuvant for oily formulations / A utiliza??o de formula??es de fungos entomopatog?nicos no controle de carrapatos tem sido amplamente estudada. O presente estudo avaliou a efic?cia de formula??es do isolado Ma 959 de Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato (s.l.) e Bb 986 de Beauveria bassiana contendo 10%, 15% e 20% de ?leo mineral sobre ovos, larvas e f?meas ingurgitadas de Rhipicephalus microplus, al?m de comparar a efici?ncia entre formula??es oleosas e suspens?es aquosas dos mesmos isolados f?ngicos sobre as fases do desenvolvimento do carrapato R. microplus. Foram formados doze grupos: controle aquoso e controles com 10%, 15% ou 20% de ?leo mineral, suspens?o aquosa de M. anisopliae s.l. ou B. bassiana e formula??es de M. anisopliae s.l. ou B. bassiana contendo 10%, 15% ou 20% de ?leo mineral. Para o preparo das suspens?es aquosas e formula??es oleosas, os isolados f?ngicos foram cultivados em gr?os de arroz acondicionado em sacos de polipropileno. As suspens?es e formula??es conidiais utilizadas possu?am concentra??o de 108 con?dios/mL. Os bioensaios foram repetidos duas vezes. Os par?metros biol?gicos das f?meas ingurgitadas foram avaliados; em rela??o aos ovos foram avaliados os per?odos de incuba??o e eclos?o e o percentual de eclos?o, e para larvas foi avaliado o percentual de mortalidade. As formula??es oleosas de M. anisopliae s.l. e de B. bassiana foram mais eficazes sobre ovos, larvas e f?meas ingurgitadas de R. microplus do que as suspens?es aquosas. O isolado de M. anisopliae s.l. formulado em ?leo mineral causou altera??es significativas em todos os par?metros de f?meas ingurgitadas, entretanto, as formula??es oleosas do isolado de B. bassiana alteraram significativamente somente o ?ndice nutricional. Os isolados f?ngicos de M. anisopliae s.l. e B. bassiana formulados em ?leo mineral apresentaram percentual de controle de at? 93,69% e 21.67%, respectivamente, enquanto que o percentual de controle das suspens?es aquosas de M. anisopliae s.l. e B. bassiana foi de 18,70% e 1,72%, respectivamente. No tratamento de ovos, as formula??es oleosas de M. anisopliae s.l. e B. bassiana causaram redu??o no percentual de eclos?o de at? 102,5 e 3,64 vezes, respectivamente. No bioensaio com larvas, as formula??es oleosas de M. anisopliae s.l. causaram um percentual de mortalidade pr?ximo a 100% no quinto dia ap?s o tratamento, enquanto que as formula??es de B. bassiana atingiram este percentual somente no 20? dia ap?s o tratamento. Os grupos controle contendo ?leo mineral causaram mortalidade de larvas a partir do 15? dia ap?s o tratamento, indicando um poss?vel efeito t?xico do ?leo sobre este est?gio de R. microplus. Os resultados demonstram que o isolado Ma 959 de M. anisopliae s.l. foi mais virulento para f?meas ingurgitadas, ovos e larvas de R. microplus do que o isolado Bb 986 de B. bassiana. As formula??es oleosas dos fungos testados foram mais eficazes do que as suspens?es aquosas. O ?leo mineral utilizado nas concentra??es de 10%, 15% e 20% potencializa a a??o dos isolados Ma 959 de M. anisopliae s.l. e Bb 986 de B. bassiana contra o carrapato R. microplus, podendo ser utilizado como adjuvante em formula??es oleosas.