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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Application of optimal control in a vibrating rod and membrane

Jou, Yung-Tsan January 1995 (has links)
No description available.
2

Oscillatory behaviour and strategy to reduce drilling vibration

Che Kar, Suriani Binti January 2017 (has links)
Drill String dynamic behaviour during the oil drilling operation, was a major source for the failure of the Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA). The behaviour produced torsional vibration, which underpins the stick slip phenomena. Besides threatening the safety of the oil drilling process, such failure cause interruptions in the drilling operations and incurred high maintenance cost to the oil drilling company. This issue can be resolved with the implementation of the optimum control mechanism while operating the drill string. In this research, an optimum control mechanism was proposed to suppress the torsional vibration as well as mitigate the risk of stick slip phenomenon from occurring. The mechanism was proposed through a series of rigorous research strategies i.e. updated-mathematical equation modelling, experimentation and simulation. As the first step, a mathematical equation model describing system dynamics was derived to set the parameter of investigation. Representing the freedom torsional of the two degrees - conventional vertical drill string, the model was used to predict the frictional Torque On Bit (TOB) through non-linear friction force, denoting the ground-formation behaviour during drilling activity. Using a velocity feedback system, the drill-string oscillation was reduced while gradually increasing its velocity via gain scheduling method - allowing fast response to load disturbance. To avoid the motor torque from exceeding the maximum threshold, a Weight On Bit (WOB) was introduced. This approach remarks the novel contribution of this research. Next, an experiment on the preliminary test rig within a controlled laboratory set up was conducted. The rotary drill rig was assembled to identify the dynamics (i.e. parameters) of an individual part of the drill string. The results obtained were then applied in the drill string operation experiment, to identify the optimum control mechanism that can avoid the torsional vibration. To enable triangulation of results, a simulation was conducted by applying the same parameters obtained from the test rig experiment in the model- which is the optimum control mechanism that was proposed in this research to minimise torsional vibration, as well as reducing the chance of drill-string failure due to stick-slip phenomenon.
3

[en] SELF-EXCITED PERCUSSIVE-ROTARY DRILLING IN HARD ROCKS / [pt] PERFURAÇÃO PERCUSSIVA-ROTATIVA AUTO-EXCITADA EM ROCHAS DURAS

LUIZ FERNANDO FURTADO DE MENDONCA PENNA FRANCA 18 February 2004 (has links)
[pt] Uma linha de pesquisa de grande interesse no estudo de colunas de perfuração de poços de petróleo aponta para a necessidade de se aumentar a taxa de penetração (ROP) na perfuração em rochas duras. Procurando suprir tal necessidade, este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar mecanismos e propor um novo dispositivo, utilizando as próprias vibrações geradas na coluna durante a perfuração. As várias formas de vibrar da coluna são, geralmente, indesejadas durante a perfuração. Porém, é possível utilizar algumas destas formas de vibrar para melhorar a eficiência do processo de perfuração. Inicialmente, avalia-se a influência das vibrações torcional e axial na ROP. Posteriormente, estuda-se a perfuração na ressonância e alguns aspectos e cuidados no uso desta nova técnica de perfuração, que vem sendo desenvolvida por empresas do setor. Por fim, é desenvolvido um novo dispositivo de perfuração, chamado de perfuração com martelo em ressonância ou perfuração percussiva- rotativa auto-excitada. Este dispositivo tem como premissa usar a vibração axial gerada no processo de corte, para criar uma carga harmônica na broca e excitar uma massa de aço (martelo). Desenvolve-se um modelo com vibro-impacto e atrito seco, representando o martelo e a resistência da rocha, respectivamente. Faz-se aqui, um estudo numérico e uma validação experimental do movimento percussivo de um modelo que representa a broca com este novo dispositivo. Os resultados mostram que a melhor forma do dispositivo operar é impactando a cabeça da broca, em condição de período-1, com um impacto por ciclo de forçamento. Adicionalmente, os parâmetros do experimento são identificados e os resultados numérico-experimental são comparados, mostrando que são similares. / [en] An area of interest in the study of drillstrings is due to the device of increasing the rate of penetration (ROP) in hard rocks. Trying to supply such necessity, this work aims to study mechanisms and to propose a new device, using vibrations generated in the drillstring itself. The various forms of drillstring vibrations are generally regarded as detrimental in the question. However, it is possible to use some of these vibrations forms in such a way as to enhance drilling performance. Initially, the influence of the torsional and axial vibrations in ROP is analyzed. Next, the resonance drilling, that is being developed by companies in this area, and some aspects and cares in the use of this new drilling technique are studied. At the end, a new drilling device, called resonance hammer drilling or self excited percussive rotary drilling, is developed. This device has as premise to use the axial vibration due to the cutting process, to generate a harmonic load at the bit and to excite a steel mass (hammer). A model with vibro-impact and dry friction is developed, representing the hammer and the resistance of the medium, respectively. It is presented a numeric study and an experimental validation of the percussive motion of the model, that represent the bit. The results show that the best way of the hammer to operate is impacting the bit head, in period-1 condition, ie, with one impact per cycle. Moreover, the experimental parameters are identified and since the numerical-experimental results are similar, the model used is validated.
4

[pt] DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM DISPOSITIVO GERADOR DE VIBROIMPACTO / [en] DEVELOPMENT OF A VIBROIMPACT DEVICE

ROMULO REIS AGUIAR 29 March 2006 (has links)
[pt] A perfuração de rochas duras ainda é um grande desafio para as empresas de perfuração e exploração de petróleo. Uma das linhas de pesquisas atuais consiste em combinar satisfatoriamente duas técnicas de aumento da taxa de penetração. Esta nova técnica vem sendo chamada de perfuração percussiva-rotativa auto-excitada. Esta dissertação se propõe a desenvolver o primeiro protótipo de um dispositivo que irá operar em ressonância e que será capaz de gerar forças dinâmicas expressivas. De forma resumida, este dispositivo será chamado de RIMD (Resonant Impact Device). Em princípio a idéia é construir um dispositivo em forma de uma caixa preta, na qual será montada na estrutura que vibra, tendo esta caixa dois ajustes, um calibrando a freqüência de ressonância do RIMD e outro agindo sobre os impactos (folga). É conhecido de trabalhos anteriores que o tamanho da folga também possui influência sobre a freqüência natural do sistema. Desta forma, existe uma interdependência entre ambos os ajustes. Um dos primeiros passos no projeto e desenvolvimento do protótipo do RIMD é o dimensionamento do mesmo, de forma que seja pequeno o suficiente para facilitar sua construção e instrumentação no laboratório de vibrações da PUC-Rio, bem como seja representativo do sistema em tamanho real (a ser implantado na coluna de perfuração). Os componentes do RIMD envolvem um sistema massa-mola com baixo amortecimento e algum dispositivo de impacto e de variação da folga. Após a concepção e construção do protótipo, os passos seguintes do estudo são a obtenção das características do RIMD, como a faixa de freqüências o qual atua e a medição das forças impulsivas geradas. Por último, o protótipo também servirá para validar um modelo analítico que permitirá investigações posteriores neste tema, podendo gerar outras possibilidades de construção do RIMD. / [en] Hard rock drilling is still a great challenge for oil companies. One current line of research involves combining the two existing drilling techniques in order to enhance the rate of penetration. This new technique is called Resonance Hammer Drilling. This dissertation proposes the design and development of the first prototype that will operate in resonance, and will be capable of generating considerable dynamic forces. This device will be known as the Resonant Impact Device, or RIMD. In principle the idea is to build some sort of black box, which will be mounted on a vibrating structure with two switches - one calibrating the RIMD resonance frequency and the other acting on the impacts - changing the size of the gap. It is known from previous work that gap size also has influence on the system natural frequency. Therefore there is a relationship between switches. One of the first steps of RIMD design and development is device dimensioning, necessary in order to construct a scale model at the Dynamic and Vibration laboratory at PUC-Rio representative of the real size system. The real size system will be mounted on the drillstring. RIMD components involve a mass-spring system with low damping and some impact and gap variation devices. The analysis of this prototype includes obtaining key characteristics such as the range of possible frequencies and the measurement of the generated impulsive forces. Finally, the built prototype will be used to validate an analytical model that will allow further investigations on this subject providing the way to other possible constructions.

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