No description available.

Restored docks have high amenity, tourism and recreational value. Polluted and unaestheticw ater is a major factor potentially inhibiting redevelopmento f docklands, particularly if the source of water suffers from severe pollution problems. The aims were to examine spatial and temporal patterns of hydrography and ecology of Merseyside Docks. Strategies to develop benthic filter-feeders on both the walls and in the sediments were considered important in maintaining good water quality. In the South Docks, algal blooms were mainly small and short-lived and anoxia was infrequent. In Princes Dock (Central chain) water quality was very good. Morpeth Dock (Wirral chain) suffered from poor water quality. Anoxia resulted in high mortalities of dock fauna and fish and the release of hydrogen sulphide gas. Algal blooms were very large and were maintained over long periods. The dinoflagellate, Prorocentrum minimum, was particularly prevalent. Zooplankton have remained at relatively low densities in the South Docks, particularly in Albert Dock (South chain), probably because of strong competition for food with benthic filter-feeders. In contrast, Morpeth Dock has maintained much higher numbers, probably because of the plentiful food supply and absence of benthos. The benthos of the walls was surveyed. Mytilus edulis is most prominent in Albert and Queens Docks; Ciona intestinalis and Ascidiella aspera are most abundant in Albert and Princes Docks; and, Molgula manhattensis dominant in Brunswick and QueensD ocks. Tiles have been used to follow the pattern of annual successiona nd the effect of timing of available space on this pattern of succession. In contrast to previous years when there had been very little recruitment of Mytilus to the South Docks, Mytilus settlement occurred in Queens Dock during autumn 1995. Experiments aimed at increasing the filter-feeding capacity by introducing Cerastodermae dule (common cockle) and manipulating particle size of the sediment concluded that cockles do not survive in the dock, probably due to occasional low oxygenc on centrations in the hypolimnion, and modification of sediment has very little effect on natural colonization. Experiments examined the impact of filter-feeders on phytoplankton numbers and regeneration of nutrients. Mytilus was shown to have higher clearancer ates( cell mV h' int) than its major competitors( Ciona intestinalis, Styela plicata) on the dock wall. The experiment investigating nutrient release by Mytilus indicates release of phosphate. Fish communities in the South Docks were relatively diverse, with a total of fifteen species of fish being caught. The size/frequency analyses suggest that the majority of fish were juveniles. The occurrence of two sea trout (Salmo trutta) indicates a return of salmonids to the estuary. The use of a capacity model as a management tool is proposed; this has been fitted to the South Docks system with some success.

No description available.

Magistro baigiamojo darbo tikslas – suprojektuoti lietuvių bendruomenės namus Londone ant vandens lietuvių emigrantams bendrauti, socialinei paramai teikti, visuomenei informuoti ir šviesti. Darbą sudaro dvi darbo dalys: tiriamoji (tekstinė) ir projektinė. Tiriamojoje dalyje pateikta: surinkta medžiaga, susijusi su modulinių pastatų, pastatų ant vandens ir bendruomenės centrų projektavimo ypatumais, jų koncepcijomis ir įgyvendinimo rezultatais, funkcijų ir formų kitimo istoriniame kontekste apžvalga; alternatyvių situacijų apžvalga ir pasirinktos situacijos analizė, problemiškumas, poreikiai ir galimybės, plėtros ateityje planai. Projektinę dalį sudaro: urbanistinis situacijos planšetas (M 1:500) ir pastato su artimiausia aplinka maketas (M 1:100); konceptualūs galimi sprendimo variantai; detalus projektuojamo pastato sprendinys – generalinis planas, planai, pjūviai, fasadai, modulio detalizacija, eksterjero ir interjero perspektyviniai vaizdai. / The aim of this master thesis is to design Lithuanian community centre in London on water for Lithuanian emigrants to communicate, educate, social support, and public information. The paper consists of analytical and project parts. Analytical part presents collected main material about modular buildings, buildings on water, design features of community centers, concepts and final results of implementation, review of their function and form development in historical context; review of alternative situations for centre and selected location analysis, issues, needs and possibilities, development plans. Project part consists of urban situation tablet (M 1:500) and building model with surroundings (M 1:100); conceptual solutions, detailed projected building – master plan, plans, sections, elevations, module detailing, exterior and interior perspective views.

[pt] A contaminação dos solos e águas subterrânea tem sido um tema pertinente nas questões ambientais atuais, visto que, estes são recursos vitais tanto para a produção de alimentos quanto para o equilíbrio do ecossistema. O processo de degradação dessas fontes naturais está chamando a atenção da sociedade e se acentuou com o crescimento contínuo das cidades, pois, as áreas que antes eram destinadas as indústrias estão aos poucos sendo ocupadas por edificações residenciais, de lazer e/ou comerciais. Essa mudança de uso e ocupação do solo é um grande problema vivido em quase todas as cidades do mundo. Em meio a essa realidade, a essa problemática, este trabalho de dissertação irá abordar o caso da zona portuária da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, que está passando por esse processo devido às obras do projeto Porto Maravilha. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as possíveis contaminações provenientes das atividades passadas realizadas na região do Porto do Rio de Janeiro. A metodologia consistiu em um levantamento histórico da área, de todas as possíveis atividades realizadas no local, de todos os produtos que lá passaram e de todas as mudanças que ocorreram ao longo do tempo. Foi realizado uma compilação dos dados históricos e dos atuais, para poder caracterizar as possíveis fontes de contaminação encontradas na zona portuária do Rio de Janeiro, ou seja, se essas contaminações são passivos ambientais antigos ou se foram gerados com as atividades realizadas atualmente nas áreas. / [en] Contamination of soil and groundwater has been a relevant issue in the current environmental issues, since these are vital resources for both food production and for the balance of the ecosystem. The process of degradation of these natural sources are calling the attention of society and was accentuated by the continued growth of the cities, because the areas that were destined industries are gradually being occupied by residential buildings, recreational and/or commercial. This change in land use and occupation is a major problem experienced in almost all cities in the world. Amid this reality, this problem, this dissertation will address the case the port area of the city of Rio de Janeiro, who is going through this process due to the works of the Porto Maravilha, which has over years preparing the area to make it more accessible to the population and also to receive the events that are being held in the city as the World Cup that took place in 2014 and the Olympic Games the will take place in 2016. The project Porto Maravilha is preparing the port area, which for many years was a relegated town, to integrate the development process of Rio de Janeiro. The purpose of this project is to promote the restructuring of the site, through the expansion, joint and the requalification of public spaces in the region, aimed at improving the quality of life of current and future residents and environmental and socioeconomic sustainability of the area. The project covers an area of 5 (five) million square meters, located in the Port area of the city of Rio de Janeiro. As discussed throughout the literature, comprising Chapter 2 of this work, the port area is what we call a link between city and port. The city seen port is considered simply a port where incoming and outgoing goods, men and information and city view of the harbor, is considered a haven for sailors, merchants, port refuges boats authorities and a place for loanding and unloanding goods (VILLAÇA, 1996).

Harbor developments have been realized in several European cities over the last years, becoming an important topic in the field of urban and regional planning. Despite their presence in innumerous sites with unlike contexts and backgrounds, those developments look pretty similar in terms of design and form. Are we witnessing the born of a generic and similar city? The aim of this paper is to investigate how similar are these areas and their positive or negatives effects upon the existing cities. Through a review on the main urban theories of the twentieth century it is possible to identify what are the contemporaneous trends in urban planning and how they have been employed in harbor developments. Four case studies were selected to illustrate these similarities, two almost completed: Dublin Docklands and Hamburg HafenCity, and two newly ones: Stockholm Norra Djurgårdsstaden and Copenhagen Nordhavnen. The findings indicated the case-studies share several similarities in terms of discourse, implementation strategy, sustainability, publicity and as well social and income inequalities. Contemporaneous urban discourse preaches for diversity which it is still far to be reached by the case-studies

Urban transformation initiatives are interventions that aim to manage urban change. Evolving from slum clearance and renewal, these initiatives took different forms throughout the century, in accordance with their social, economic and spatial contexts. The dominant urban context of the late 20th and early 21st century being deindustrialization and decentralization, urban redevelopment and regeneration initiatives became the highlights of urban policy. Alongside the ever-transforming residential neighborhoods and city centers, deindustrialization brought about change in some other parts of the city that had incredible value: Docklands. These areas were slowly being abandoned in this period / creating serious socio-economic and spatial problems while also creating unique opportunities for cities in their adaptation to the postindustrial economy. The fall of production as the basis of urban economies was followed by the rise of consumption, which cherished these vast and publicly owned spaces abandoned by production related uses. Turkish cities are, and have been, transforming with a pace which policy intervention can barely catch up with. Turkish docklands are under real estate investment pressure in a similar way to the vacant docklands of postindustrial cities around the world, but with one significant difference. Dockland transformation has not been the condition, but is the desired situation in our port cities / HaydarpaSa port constituting one of the best examples. While still fully functional, this important port and its surroundings, including the HaydarpaSa train station, has been subject to transformation proposals throughout the last decade. Following a number of unsuccessful initiatives, the latest proposal for the area has been HaydarpaSa World Trade Center and Cruiser Project. This thesis aims to understand the actual forces behind transformation of a dockland area in Turkey, and to determine if the proposals have been addressing these forces and factors. The study involves examination of the conditions of urban development in the postindustrial era and some cases of dockland transformation schemes launched in this period. The aim is to compare these cases and their backgrounds to the context of the HaydarpaSa area, in order to determine the relevance of the utilized policy models to transform this extremely valuable part of the Bosphorus.