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"Violência doméstica: prevalência entre mulheres usuárias de um serviço de saúde de Ribeirão Preto-SP" / Domestic Violence : prevalence against women users healther center of Ribeirão Preto - SP, Brazil.André Luis Valentini Marinheiro 04 February 2004 (has links)
No Brasil, o número de estudos sobre violência doméstica contra a mulher, perpetrada pelo companheiro, ainda é escasso. Neste país, como em outros, este problema já foi apontado como sendo de saúde pública, devido suas consequências. Estas consequências não são restritas à saúde física, sexual e mental da mulher, mas também inclui problemas da dinâmica familiar, atingindo a sociedade em geral. Este estudo avalia a prevalência de violência doméstica contra a mulher, cometida pelo companheiro ou por outras pessoas, utilizando-se de questionário aplicado no próprio domicílio da mulher. Todas as mulheres entrevistadas tinham entre 18 a 49 anos de idade na época da consulta médica e eram usuárias do serviço de saúde. A prevalência de violência doméstica perpetrada pelo companheiro alguma vez na vida, referida pelas usuárias, foi de 45,3% para qualquer tipo de violência, que foi denominada de violência geral; 41,5% das mulheres referiram violência psicológica, 26,4% violência física e 9,8% violência sexual. O estudo demonstrou associação da ocorrência de violência doméstica com algumas características apresentadas pelas usuárias como: escolaridade, estado marital, idade da primeira relação sexual, dados sócio-econômicos, vida sexual e reprodutiva e companheiro controlador, além de determinados sinais e sintomas. Destes, alguns se relacionaram com a violência: infecção ginecológica de repetição, depressão, vontade de morrer. Estes resultados, comparados com a prevalência de violência encontrada no serviço de saúde através dos registros médicos, mostraram uma grande diferença. Isto corrobora com a necessidade de tornar o problema da violência contra a mulher mais visível para os profissionais da saúde. / In Brazil the number of studies on domestic violence against women, perpetrated by the partner, is still scarce. In this country, as well as all over the world due to its consequences, this issue has been pointed as a public health problem. These consequences are not limited to physical, sexual and mental health but they reveal problems in the family dynamics and affect society as whole. This study aimed to verify the prevalence of domestic violence against women, perpetrated by the partner or another person. A questionnaire was administered in the womens household. All respondents have between 18 and 49 years old and were users of a specific health center. The prevalence of violence perpetrated by the partner, once in life, was reported by 45,3% of women and it was denominated general violence; 41,5% of women reported psychological violence, 26.4% physical violence and 9.8% sexual violence. The study showed that the problem of domestic violence is associated with schooling, marital status, age at first sexual intercourse, socioeconomic data, if has children, number of pregnancy and abortions, a controller partner, besides some specific signs and symptoms. Those, already related to violence, are: repeated gynecological infection, depression, suicides thoughts. Comparing the prevalence of violence among users with medical records a large difference is found.. This corroborates to the of making the issue of violence against women more visible for health professional.
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Maltreatment in the Father-child Relationship: An Exploration of Problematic Relational DynamicsStewart, Laura-Lynn 11 January 2012 (has links)
Despite the high prevalence of father-perpetrated maltreatment, relatively little empirical attention has been given to men who abuse and neglect their children (Dubowitz, 2006, 2009; Haskett, Marziano, & Dover, 1996). To further our understanding, the current dissertation explored father-child relational dynamics that underlie risk for child maltreatment. In the first study, data from a sample of 121 maltreating fathers were used to discern differential patterns of parenting dynamics using both theoretical and statistical approaches to classification. It was hypothesized that fathers would show problems predominantly in one of five areas: emotional unavailability; negative attribution, harshness, and rejection; developmentally inappropriate interaction; poor psychological boundaries; and exposure of a child to hostile inter-parental relations. Contrary to expectation, little support was obtained for the predominant problem hypothesis. Although methodological limitations may play a role, results indicated that men were more clearly differentiated by the degree of severity evidenced across their problematic parent-child interactions, than by differences in the specific pattern of problems they experienced.
An interesting finding from Study 1 was that increasingly severe relational problems were associated with a misprioritization of parent and child needs. Study 2 further explored this dynamic by revising and re-evaluating a self-report measure of men’s ability to balance needs in the father-child relationship. Data from two samples (93 community fathers and 85 maltreating fathers) provided mixed results: Support was obtained for the internal consistency and construct validity of the image-emotional needs subscale of the measure; however, minimal support was obtained for the personal needs subscale. Furthermore, in contrast to expectation, discriminant validity was not obtained for either subscale, as maltreating fathers reported a better ability to balance needs on both scales than fathers drawn from a community sample. Social desirability was one of several factors deemed to play a key role in this finding. Each study’s contribution to the field is reviewed, along with discussion of limitations and future directions.
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Emotion regulation and behaviour problems in young children exposed to domestic violenceSchactman, Alissa 22 September 2008
Although the effects of witnessing domestic violence on young children were long believed to be non-existent, current research indicates that young children do suffer negative consequences as a result of witnessing violence (e.g., Zeanah, et al., 1999). From research with older children it is known that exposure to violence is associated with emotional dysregulation, behaviour problems, and difficulties in school (e.g., Wolfe et al., 2003). Risk factors (e.g., maternal depression) and protective factors (e.g., secure attachment relationship) have been implicated in both emotional regulatory abilities and the effects of exposure to domestic violence. <p>The present research endeavoured to use a developmental psychopathology perspective to understand the experiences of young children exposed to domestic violence, specifically their emotion regulation abilities and behaviour problems. Study 1 explored the application and reliability of an emotion regulation coding scheme for use with young children during the Face-to-Face Still Face scenario. Study 2 examined the relationship between previous exposure to domestic violence and behaviour problems and emotion regulation, while considering possible moderating variables. The coding system from Study 1 served as the measure of emotion regulation in Study 2.
Findings indicated that young children in this study who had been exposed to increased levels of domestic violence also displayed increased internalizing behaviour problems. No relationship was found between exposure to domestic violence and emotion regulation or externalizing problems or sleep problems. Child temperament, attachment security and maternal psychological symptomology were associated with behaviour problems in these children. Maternal psychological symptomology was marginally related to emotion regulation, however temperament and attachment security were not. The relationship between exposure to physical aggression and externalizing behaviour problems was moderated by child temperament and attachment security. The relationship between physical aggression and internalizing behaviour problems was moderated by attachment security. The implications of these findings for future research and clinical practice are discussed. Taken together, these two studies expanded the existing literature on the adjustment outcomes associated with exposure to domestic violence in young children.
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Maltreatment in the Father-child Relationship: An Exploration of Problematic Relational DynamicsStewart, Laura-Lynn 11 January 2012 (has links)
Despite the high prevalence of father-perpetrated maltreatment, relatively little empirical attention has been given to men who abuse and neglect their children (Dubowitz, 2006, 2009; Haskett, Marziano, & Dover, 1996). To further our understanding, the current dissertation explored father-child relational dynamics that underlie risk for child maltreatment. In the first study, data from a sample of 121 maltreating fathers were used to discern differential patterns of parenting dynamics using both theoretical and statistical approaches to classification. It was hypothesized that fathers would show problems predominantly in one of five areas: emotional unavailability; negative attribution, harshness, and rejection; developmentally inappropriate interaction; poor psychological boundaries; and exposure of a child to hostile inter-parental relations. Contrary to expectation, little support was obtained for the predominant problem hypothesis. Although methodological limitations may play a role, results indicated that men were more clearly differentiated by the degree of severity evidenced across their problematic parent-child interactions, than by differences in the specific pattern of problems they experienced.
An interesting finding from Study 1 was that increasingly severe relational problems were associated with a misprioritization of parent and child needs. Study 2 further explored this dynamic by revising and re-evaluating a self-report measure of men’s ability to balance needs in the father-child relationship. Data from two samples (93 community fathers and 85 maltreating fathers) provided mixed results: Support was obtained for the internal consistency and construct validity of the image-emotional needs subscale of the measure; however, minimal support was obtained for the personal needs subscale. Furthermore, in contrast to expectation, discriminant validity was not obtained for either subscale, as maltreating fathers reported a better ability to balance needs on both scales than fathers drawn from a community sample. Social desirability was one of several factors deemed to play a key role in this finding. Each study’s contribution to the field is reviewed, along with discussion of limitations and future directions.
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From a violent persons point of view:How can domestic violence be legitimized?Fjørtoft, Siri January 2013 (has links)
This article takes a closer look at interactions defined as domestic violence. The intension is to understand how using violence at home can be legitimized with the point of departure of the violent person. The article is therefore based on interviews with three people who have used violence towards a family member. Their stories illuminate processes divided into three phases; in the first phase, the informants perceived the situation which leads to violence as characterized by stress and a feeling of being inferior. In the second phase, the act of violent itself is a way of communicate a disagreement, the target being control over a chaotic situation and its actors. In the third phase, when explaining the events in a retro perspective, it is not referred to as violence, and it is not discussed within the home. The informant tends to normalize the use of aggressive behavior with a group acceptance. Their individual legitimization techniques are related to group and societal aspects in the discussion. To prevent further violence, I argue, the violent people need an established place within the healthcare system in Norway.
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From a violent persons point of view: How can domestic violence be legitimized?Mariussen Fjørtoft, Siri January 2012 (has links)
This article takes a closer look at interactions defined as domestic violence. The intension is to understand how using violence at home can be legitimized with the point of departure of the violent person. The article is therefore based on interviews with three people who have used violence towards a family member. Their stories illuminate processes divided into three phases; in the first phase, the informants perceived the situation which leads to violence as characterized by stress and a feeling of being inferior. In the second phase, the act of violent itself is a way of communicate a disagreement, the target being control over a chaotic situation and its actors. In the third phase, when explaining the events in a retro perspective, it is not referred to as violence, and it is not discussed within the home. The informant tends to normalize the use of aggressive behavior with a group acceptance. Their individual legitimization techniques are related to group and societal aspects in the discussion. To prevent further violence, I argue, the violent people need an established place within the healthcare system in Norway.
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Emotion regulation and behaviour problems in young children exposed to domestic violenceSchactman, Alissa 22 September 2008 (has links)
Although the effects of witnessing domestic violence on young children were long believed to be non-existent, current research indicates that young children do suffer negative consequences as a result of witnessing violence (e.g., Zeanah, et al., 1999). From research with older children it is known that exposure to violence is associated with emotional dysregulation, behaviour problems, and difficulties in school (e.g., Wolfe et al., 2003). Risk factors (e.g., maternal depression) and protective factors (e.g., secure attachment relationship) have been implicated in both emotional regulatory abilities and the effects of exposure to domestic violence. <p>The present research endeavoured to use a developmental psychopathology perspective to understand the experiences of young children exposed to domestic violence, specifically their emotion regulation abilities and behaviour problems. Study 1 explored the application and reliability of an emotion regulation coding scheme for use with young children during the Face-to-Face Still Face scenario. Study 2 examined the relationship between previous exposure to domestic violence and behaviour problems and emotion regulation, while considering possible moderating variables. The coding system from Study 1 served as the measure of emotion regulation in Study 2.
Findings indicated that young children in this study who had been exposed to increased levels of domestic violence also displayed increased internalizing behaviour problems. No relationship was found between exposure to domestic violence and emotion regulation or externalizing problems or sleep problems. Child temperament, attachment security and maternal psychological symptomology were associated with behaviour problems in these children. Maternal psychological symptomology was marginally related to emotion regulation, however temperament and attachment security were not. The relationship between exposure to physical aggression and externalizing behaviour problems was moderated by child temperament and attachment security. The relationship between physical aggression and internalizing behaviour problems was moderated by attachment security. The implications of these findings for future research and clinical practice are discussed. Taken together, these two studies expanded the existing literature on the adjustment outcomes associated with exposure to domestic violence in young children.
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The Domestic Violence Act : Ghana's bright futureMorris, Jennifer N. 27 February 2013 (has links)
The Domestic Violence Act was passed in Ghana in 2007 marking a shift in the legal recourse available to survivors of intimate partner violence. The goal of my research is to identify the social, cultural, and legal changes that have occurred in Accra, Ghana and the surrounding areas since the passage of the DV Act. While in Ghana I spoke with men and women who were involved in the struggle to get the bill passed, as well as NGO employees and government officials who have seen men and women utilize the legal rights that the bill provides. I wanted to learn as much as I could about the cultural complexities of Ghana that continue to make the eradication of intimate partner violence so difficult. In the end, I hope that my research will add to a growing understanding of what is most lacking in the fight to attenuate the deleterious effects of intimate partner violence, so that advocates will be better able to truly implement the DVA’s emancipatory qualities. I also hope that the study will be a catalyst to promote continued education and invigorate activism. Methodologically, I used qualitative research tenets, utilizing in depth interviews and emergent coding. Results show how socio-culturally informed gendered attitudes and norms heavily impact the implementation of and enforcement of legal frameworks within communities. Findings also aid in a better understanding of the factors that surround violence against women in Ghana, and help explain how such factors are interrelated and mutually reinforcing. / text
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Barn som utsätts för våld i nära relationer : Vilken hjälp bistår socialtjänsten med?Candlert, Michaela, Järleby, Sandra January 2013 (has links)
The main purpose of this study is to find out what kind of help social service in one selected municipality in Sweden can provide for children who have witnessed or been victims of domestic violence. Using focus group interview this study investigate how the social workers meet the needs of these children. The bases for our analysis are the Organization Theory and the Attachment Theory, as well as previous research. Important results are that the social services are dependent on notifications in order to do their work and that the most common interventions are foster care, emergency foster care and/or family therapy. The difficulties that social workers perceive their work are unjustified families and heavy workloads. The results showed the difficulties of helping these children, and indicated that children who have witnessed domestic violence not always receive adequate response.
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Det räcker inte att laga bron över livsfloden, man måste även lära barnen att simma! : En kvalitativ studie för att få en djupare förståelse om socialarbetare upplever att barn som deltar i Trappan-insatsen får en känsla av sammanhang?Karlsson, Malin, Gustafsson, Katrin January 1900 (has links)
The aim of this qualitative study was to get a deeper understanding of social workers experience that children who participate in the Trappan-insatsen get a sense of coherence. To achieve an empirical material social workers who perform Trappan-samtal have been interviewed. The study shows that it is important that children get help and support to talk about the trauma they experienced. The support of the narrative, however, differ depending on the child's age, it is important to have a flexible approach as a Trappan-user. It appears that it is essential that parents give their consent to the children so they can talk about the violence. It also emerges that information to the children is an important part of understanding the process. The study shows that social workers feel that the children participating in the staircase mission get a sense of coherence.
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