Zugl.: München, Univ., Diplomarbeit, 2005

This thesis addresses the modeling of events in social media, with an emphasis on the detection, tracking, and analysis of disaster-related events like the 2011 Tohuku Earthquake in Japan. Successful event modeling is critical for many applications including information search, entity extraction, disaster assessment, and emergency monitoring. However, modeling events in social media is challenging since: (i) social media is noisy and oftentimes incomplete, in the sense that users provide only partial evidence of their participation in an event; (ii) messages in social media are usually short, providing only little textual narrative (thereby making event detection difficult); and (iii) the size of short-lived events typically changes rapidly, growing and shrinking in sharp bursts. With these challenges in mind, this thesis proposes a framework for event modeling in social media and makes three major contributions: The first contribution is a signal processing-inspired approach for event detection from social media. Concretely, this research proposes an iterative spatial- temporal event mining algorithm for identifying and extracting topics from social media. One of the key aspects of the proposed algorithm is a signal processing-inspired approach for viewing spatial-temporal term occurrences as signals, analyzing the noise contained in the signals, and applying noise filters to improve the quality of event extraction from these signals. The second contribution is a new model of population dynamics of event-related crowds in social media as they first form, evolve, and eventually dissolve. To- ward robust population modeling, a duration model is proposed to predict the time users spend in a particular crowd. And then a time-evolving population model is designed for estimating the number of people departing a crowd, which enables the prediction of the total population remaining in a crowd. The third contribution of this thesis is a set of methods for event analytics for leveraging social media in an earthquake damage assessment scenario. Firstly, the difference between text tweets and image tweets is investigated, and then three features – tweet density, re-tweet density, and user tweeting count – are extracted to model the intensity attenuation of earthquakes. The observation that the relationship between social media activity vs. the loss/damage attenuation suggests that social media following a catastrophic event can provide rapid insight into the extent of damage.

The use of formal method techniques can contribute to the production of more reliable and dependable systems. However, a common bottleneck for the industrial adoption of formal methods techniques is proof automation. To address the challenge of proof automation, we aim to improve it by using automated theorem proving techniques. We set one popular formal method technique as our working domain in this thesis, that is, Event-B. More specifically, we target a family of proofs, i.e. invariant preservation (INV) proofs, which can account for a significant part of the proofs that needs human interactions. We apply one of the most successful automated theorem proving techniques, which is rippling, to improve the proof automation of Event-B INV POs. Rippling uses metalevel guidance to automate proofs, and it is in particular useful to develop proof patches to recover proofs based on the meta-level guidance when proof attempts fail. We are especially interested in the case when lemmas are required to recover failed proofs. We combine a scheme-based theory-exploration system, i.e. IsaScheme, with rippling to develop a proof patch for lemma discovery, i.e. ahLemma. In addition to ahLemma, we also develop two proof patches to suggest case-splits and to simplify the goal and hypotheses by rewriting. The combining use of rippling and these proof patches can improve the proof automation of INV POs.

The topic of this essay is the expected effects that can come during and after a mega event and how the local impact may affect the local community and the citizen. This essay concerns a forthcoming mega event, the Olympic Games that will be held in London 2012. The area that the Olympics will be held in is Stratford that is located about twenty minutes from the central of London by the underground. The Olympic Games is one of the largest mega events with its millions of visitors. The purpose of this essay is to study what is expected after the mega event has taken place in London. This is done through observation and through contact with one of the key members in the project team for the planning around the Olympics 2012. The authors of this essay have also had contact with Björn Folin who is the press officer for the Swedish Olympic Committee. To gain an insight into what might happen, the authors of this essay has also examined what happened after the previous Olympic Games. The result of this study is shaped by what has happened in cities that have arranged the Olympic Games previous years. Since this essay is to examine expectations of what might happen after the Olympic Games in London 2012, much of the outcome of what happened after the Olympics is based on what the outcome have been in previous host cities.

Zugl.: Worms, FH, Diplomarbeit.

Hydrogenous samples, such as biological tissues, analyzed in a neutron radiography geometry display reduced image contrast and resolution due to excessive image contributions from scattered neutrons produced from the high neutron-scatter cross section with hydrogen. Because of this, neutrons presently are not used for thick-tissue(>2.5cm) or in-vivo imaging. Two methods of neutron scatter rejection and event centroiding, were employed to enhance the quality of biological neutron imaging by reducing image blurring noise caused by hydrogen and increasing the contrast ratio of the detector. By employing the techniques used herein, event centroiding can increase the natural resolution of the detector by a factor of two without energy dependence and as much as 4 times with energy bins. Scatter rejection can increase the contrast resolution by 7%-10% of an imaging standard and can resolve a 160 μm image through 6mm of acrylic.

No description available.

Georg-August-Univ., Diplomarbeit--Göttingen, 2004.

Uppsatsen behandlar eventvolontärer och deras motivationsfaktorer, och syftar till att identifiera vad som motiverar individer till att spendera sin fria tid engagerad i denna aktivitet. Forskare menar att eventvolontärer är oumbärliga för event och att de därmed är betydelsefulla för turismen. Eftersom volontärarbete utförs på fritiden är den fria tiden en förutsättning för aktiviteten. Forskare betonar att individer alltmer eftersträvar en aktiv fritid, där volontärarbete inbegrips, och effektivitet och erfarenhet kan nås. Eventvolontärers motivationer har studerats utifrån en kvalitativ intervjuansats i syfte att nå en djupare förståelse för individers motivationer, vilka sedan analyserats utifrån existerande teori. Empirin har kategoriserats efter teman som visar på att eventvolontärer motiveras av flertalet faktorer som existerar samtidigt. En del motivationer förekommer i tidigare studier medan andra uppfattas som nytillkomna. Tid, nyfikenhet och nöje är några av de motivationer som engagerar till medverkan. / This essay discusses event volunteers and their motivational factors, and aims to identify the motivations for individuals wanting to spend their free time engaged in this activity. Researchers agree that event volunteers are indispensable for events and therefore important for tourism. Since volunteer work is performed during leisure time, leisure is a prerequisite for this activity. Researchers emphasize that individuals are increasingly searching for active leisure, where volunteer work is included, and effectiveness and experience can be reached. In order to reach a deeper understanding of individuals’ motivations, this subject has been studied from a qualitative interview approach, which was later analysed through existing theories. The empirical data has been categorized by themes that indicate that event volunteers are motivated by several motivations that exist simultaneously, some of which occur in previous studies while others are perceived as new additions. Time, curiosity and pleasure are some of the motivational factors that engage people in participation.

The thesis on topic Event Management - solution of event project, field IT and logistics deals with the real project realized by company with particularly logistic branch, where the author is working. Whole thesis is about event, which was realized from November 2011 till March 2012. The aim of this thesis is to highlight problems linked to the project and event management and also to point out which methods are used in relation to the very realization of logistic forum. The reader of this thesis should be able to find out what the preparation, realization and implementation of the project contain and in which way might be used. Theoretical part clarify what the project and event management contains, which methodics are normally used and try to map different concepts of project and event management and what principles should be followed. Practical part deals with a real event, how gradually progressed in the implementation and project plan will be compared with the reality. This thesis is based on empiric method, especially on kind of empiric method -- project. For solving the main goal of thesis is used basically interpretation method - to show whole process of making this event. The conlusion and as a matter of fact hypothesis is to prove succesful realization based on theoretical principles of project and evetn management.