Conn., University, Diss--New Haven.

Originally presented as the author's thesis (Ph. D.)--Yale. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 169-200) and index.

In my research, I take up the questions of Ovid’s relationship to his poetry and the rethinking of exilic motifs and poetic motifs through the lens of exile. Throughout the Tristia, in particular, Ovid illustrates a complex series of questions on why he writes in exile. He writes, “What have I to do with you, little books, my unlucky obsession, I, wretched, who was destroyed by my talent?” Ovid provides two direct answers to his own question: first, writing brings him comfort in exile, and second, it keeps his name alive in Rome. I explore how Ovid adapts the motif of poetic immortality to the exilic motif of exile as death and employs the act of writing as a resistance to Augustus.

This thesis explores how the Cuban writer and anthropologist, Lydia Cabrera, experienced exile following the Cuban Revolution of 1959. Cabrera’s personal letters and photos show that she endured a nontypical exile experience. Instead, Cabrera is an example of a transnational exile, because throughout her life she remained both professionally and personally connected to people in multiple locations. Although discussion regarding the Cuban Revolution describes its transnational scope, for Cabrera and similar transnational figures, the events of 1959 meant a disruption to their longstanding international networks. In this way, this thesis will present evidence of Cabrera’s transnational connections and her response to disruption of these networks from 1960 – 1962. Key sources for this thesis can be found in the archival holdings at the University of Miami’s Cuban Historical Collection in Coral Gables, FL.

Doctor of Philosophy / Abstract This study examines the effect of exile on Theodor Wolff’s writings from 1933 to 1943. Wolff, a highly assimilated German Jew and renowned journalist and editor-in-chief of the ‘Berliner Tageblatt’ from 1906-1933, was one of the most influential cultural and liberal political commentators during World War I and the Weimar Republic. His political life and influence has been extensively researched, whereas his life in exile has not been explored. Enforced sudden exile in 1933 represented a turning point in Wolff’s life. Following the temporal sequence of Wolff’s ten years in exile, this study is divided into four chapters, starting with the early exile years from 1933 to 1936, followed by the immediate pre World War II period. The third chapter covers the German invasion and occupation of France in 1940. The last chapter sheds light on the two final years from 1942 to 1943. These four periods reflect his exile experience and gradual decline in living conditions, mood, and fundamental changes in his approach to writing. In exile Wolff devotes his time and effort to historical accounts and fiction – a difficult genre for a publicist and journalistic writer. He also embarks on autobiographical writings and during his final years in exile deals with the Jewish catastrophe unfolding in Nazi controlled Europe, raising issues concerning the so called ‘Jewish Problem’. This study draws attention to the effect exile had on an important German- Jewish writer, who in 1943 fell victim to the Holocaust. Wolff’s works, especially his exile writings survived the war and remain relevant today. The findings of this research provide some insight into a turbulent period in German and European history that drastically changed many lives. It also makes a significant contribution to the study of Theodor Wolff and to exile studies in general.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Wayne State University, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 334-353). Also available on the Internet.

Doctor of Philosophy / Abstract This study examines the effect of exile on Theodor Wolff’s writings from 1933 to 1943. Wolff, a highly assimilated German Jew and renowned journalist and editor-in-chief of the ‘Berliner Tageblatt’ from 1906-1933, was one of the most influential cultural and liberal political commentators during World War I and the Weimar Republic. His political life and influence has been extensively researched, whereas his life in exile has not been explored. Enforced sudden exile in 1933 represented a turning point in Wolff’s life. Following the temporal sequence of Wolff’s ten years in exile, this study is divided into four chapters, starting with the early exile years from 1933 to 1936, followed by the immediate pre World War II period. The third chapter covers the German invasion and occupation of France in 1940. The last chapter sheds light on the two final years from 1942 to 1943. These four periods reflect his exile experience and gradual decline in living conditions, mood, and fundamental changes in his approach to writing. In exile Wolff devotes his time and effort to historical accounts and fiction – a difficult genre for a publicist and journalistic writer. He also embarks on autobiographical writings and during his final years in exile deals with the Jewish catastrophe unfolding in Nazi controlled Europe, raising issues concerning the so called ‘Jewish Problem’. This study draws attention to the effect exile had on an important German- Jewish writer, who in 1943 fell victim to the Holocaust. Wolff’s works, especially his exile writings survived the war and remain relevant today. The findings of this research provide some insight into a turbulent period in German and European history that drastically changed many lives. It also makes a significant contribution to the study of Theodor Wolff and to exile studies in general.

Inledning: Sedan PTSD har blivit en diagnos i den psykiatriska diagnosmanualen DSM har forskningen i detta område ökat mycket. Samtidigt har man kunnat se att tidiga traumatiska upplevelser framför allt med anknytningspersoner ökar prevalensen för utveckling av psykiatriska och somatiska sjukdomar. Detta har lett till hypotesen att ett anknytningstrauma kan vara en predisponerande faktor för utveckling av PTSD eller att en trygg anknytning kan vara en skyddande sådan. Som kollektiv i studier valdes mest veteraner, våldäkts- eller brottsoffer. Denna pilot-studien väljer ett annat patientkollektiv. Frågeställning: Vilka anknytningsmönster som finns hos 10 patienter med exilbakgrund, vilka har varit utsatta för krig och/eller tortyr. Method: Undersökningen görs med hjälp av två skattningsinstrument, PCL-5, som undersöker graden av PTSD-symtom och ASQ, som undersöker anknytningsmönstret. Undersökningen görs med både kvalitativ metod genom att undersöka deltagarnas individuell anknytningsmönster genom utvärderingen och tolkningen av svaren i ASQ-testet och kvantitativ genom att utvärdera korrelationer mellan graden av PTSD-symtom och anknytningsmönstren. Resultat: I den kvalitativa delen visar det sig att nästan alla deltagare visar ett otryggt anknytningsmönster och i den kvantitativa delen ses det några intressanta tendenser, såsom att höga poäng på distansskalan har en stark korrelation till höga PTSD-score och en icke-signifikant negativ korrelation med tillits-skalan. I delgrupperna (män/kvinnor) ses tendenser som är signifikanta trots det låga deltagartalet. Diskussion: Undersökningen bekräftar hypotesen att patienter anknytningssystemet har drabbats hos patienter med PTSD och exilbakgrund. Resultatet ses som underlag till vidare forskning med en större population. / Introduction: Since PTSD has become a distinct diagnosis in the psychiatric manual of diagnoses (DSM) a lot of research has been done in this field. At the same time has research in the field of attachment produced evidence that early traumatic events, especially in relation to children´s attachment figures, rises the prevalence of psychiatric illness. This led to the hypothesis that attachmenttrauma could be a predisposing factor for development of PTSD or that a secure attachment could be a protective one. Most researchers chose veterans or violence/rape or crime-victims. This pilot-study chooses a different studypopulation. Issues: Which attachment patterns show patients with exile-background who became victims of war and/or torture. Method: The study uses two rating-scales for this, the PCL-5 to establish the participants PTSD-symptom-score and the ASQ to show the attachment pattern. In the qualitative part of the study the individual attachment patterns are established by evaluating and interpreting the answers in the ASQ-scale. The quantitative part of the study shows the correlations between the PTSD-totalscore and the attachment pattern. Results: The qualitative part shows that nearly all participants with a high PTSDsymptom-score show an insecure attachment. The quantitative part shows some interesting tendencies like a positive correlation between high PTSD-total-score and high score in the ASQ-dimension “discomfort with closeness” and a nonsignificant negative correlation between high PTSD-total-score and confidence. Discussion: The study confirms the hypothesis that PTSD-patient´s attachmentsystem is troubled. This result takes as a basis for more research with a bigger sample.

This research analyses the link between the practice and rhetoric of deportation and the South African state’s understanding of state sovereignty. Through this inquiry, I argue that although state agents often portray the political rationale for deportation and exclusion, economic interests equally form a crucial part in the practice of deportation policy in South Africa. The prominence of private economic interests reveals that the imperative to embrace the population or exercise exclusive political jurisdiction over state territory may be less influential than state officials assert when describing and justifying deportation. These findings have implications for how we think about the increasing dependence on deportation by states throughout the world. Keywords: Deportation, rhetoric, practice, policy, immigration, state, nation, sovereignty, politics, economics

Thesis advisor: Andrew Davis / Thesis advisor: Richard J. Clifford / The theme of exile in the second part of the book of the prophet Isaiah has prompted me to reflect on the refugee crisis in Cameroon. Refugees in the north of Cameroon hail from Nigeria where Boko Haram, an Islamic militant movement, has destroyed their towns and villages. The new exodus is about the triumphant and glorious return of the exiles from Babylon to the promised land. At this triumphant return, the main actor is God. I perceive parallels between this experience and the refugee experience in the north of Cameroon. / Thesis (STL) — Boston College, 2018. / Submitted to: Boston College. School of Theology and Ministry. / Discipline: Sacred Theology.