Obesity is an increasingly prevalent problem and many chronic diseases are associated with excess body fat. Understanding factors which contribute to excess body fat is a primary step in curtailing the obesity epidemic. An individual’s environment can play a role in food choice as food selection may be limited to those foods available in the environment. Rural environments may have less availability of healthy foods due to unique characteristics of these areas. Fast food establishments usually offer convenient meals but healthy choices at these restaurants may be limited. The number of healthy options may vary among types of fast food outlets. The study area for this project included six rural counties. Fast food outlets within the counties were identified from the Brazos Valley Food Environment Study. Store types included fast food, grocery, and convenience stores. Store menus were analyzed with a survey instrument for healthy options which would allow consumers to meet dietary guideline recommendations. A total of 222 fast food outlets were identified within the study area; 98 were primarily fast food stores, 112 were convenience stores with fast food, and 12 were grocery stores with fast food. Healthy options for breakfast meals were available in 22.4% of fast food stores, 8.9% of convenience stores, and 50% of grocery stores. Healthy options for lunch entrees were available at 67.3% of fast food stores, 35.7% of convenience stores, and 75% of grocery stores. For lunch/dinner options, national chain fast food stores were more likely than other fast food stores to offer healthy options (78.9% v. 42.4%, p<0.001). National chain fast food stores were also more likely than other fast food stores to offer healthy breakfast options (26% v. 13.9%, p=0.032). Analyzing healthy options from fast food stores only may exclude the outlets that are the predominant sources of fast food in these areas. Although the national chains offer some healthy options, the majority of fast food outlets in rural areas may be regional and local chains that offer few healthy options. These findings may indicate a limitation in the ability of rural populations to consume healthy foods.

The opera is scored for chamber orchestra consisting of one oboe, two Bb clarinets, two horns in F, one trumpet in C, one tenor trombone, two percussionists (playing snare drum, bass drum, tambourine, wood block, triangle, suspended cymbal, crash cymbal, agogo bells, cow bell, brake drum, metal whistle, whip, large gong, Glockenspiel, chimes, timpani in F (low) and C), eight or more violins in two parts, six or more violas in two parts, and eight or more cellos in two parts. The characters are Alejandro Jiminez, a dramatic tenor; the Manager of Burger Palace, a baritone; the Suits 1/Fast Food Workers, a choir (SATB) and the Suits 2/Customers, a second choir (SATB), each ideally consisting of eight vocalists for a total of sixteen; the Daydream Figures, which are mimed parts; the Man with Gun, which is a spoken part. The opera, in one act consisting of six scenes and an interlude, is based on a libretto by the composer. There is only one scene change: from an essentially empty stage to a fast food restaurant in Scene 4. The length of the work is approximately sixty to sixty-five minutes.

Thesis (M.A.)--Kent State University, 2007. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed July 10, 2007). Advisor: Jay Lee. Keywords: Retail Location Analysis; geographic information systems(GIS); Statistical Analysis; Regression Analysis; Geocoding; Catchment Area Analysis; Buffer Polygons; Thiessen Polygons; McDonald's; Burger King; Fast Food Restaurants; Overlay Analysis. Includes bibliographical references (p. 130-151).

No description available.

Thesis (M.B.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-84).

by Ho Lik-Shing, Adolphus and Wong Hon-Shing, Cary. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 85-86). / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.vii / LIST OF TABLES …… --- p.viii / ACKNOWLEDGMENT --- p.ix / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Project Objective --- p.2 / Methodology --- p.3 / Chapter II. --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.3 / Positioning --- p.3 / Importance of Positioning --- p.3 / Positioning Task --- p.5 / Identifying Possible Competitive Advantages --- p.5 / Selecting the Right Advantages --- p.6 / Effectively signalling to the market the firm's position --- p.6 / Formulation of Positioning Strategy for Wend's Food --- p.6 / Chapter III. --- INDUSTRIAL ANALYSIS OF FAST FOOD INDUSTRY IN HONG KONG --- p.8 / Restaurant Industry --- p.8 / Fast Food Industry --- p.11 / Demographic Trends --- p.14 / Geographic Trend --- p.14 / Income Trend --- p.15 / Household Size --- p.16 / Age Trend --- p.17 / Household Expenditure Pattern --- p.18 / Implications --- p.18 / Chapter IV. --- COMPETITOR ANALYSIS --- p.20 / Overview --- p.20 / Cafe-De-Coral --- p.23 / History --- p.23 / Business Strategy --- p.23 / Marketing Strategy --- p.24 / Operations Strategy --- p.25 / McDonald --- p.27 / History --- p.27 / Business Strategy --- p.27 / Marketing Strategy --- p.28 / Operations Strategy --- p.28 / Fairwood --- p.29 / History --- p.29 / Business Strategy --- p.29 / Marketing Strategy --- p.30 / Operations Strategy --- p.31 / Maxim's --- p.32 / History --- p.32 / Business Strategy --- p.32 / Marketing Strategy --- p.33 / Operations Strategy --- p.33 / Kentucky Fried Chicken --- p.34 / History --- p.34 / Business Strategy --- p.34 / Marketing Strategy --- p.34 / Operations Strategy --- p.35 / Wendy's --- p.36 / History --- p.36 / Business Strategy --- p.36 / Marketing Strategy --- p.36 / Operations Strategy --- p.38 / Comparison of Various Competitors --- p.39 / Cafe de Coral --- p.39 / McDonald --- p.39 / Fairwood --- p.40 / Maxim's --- p.40 / Kentucky Fried Chicken --- p.41 / Wendy's --- p.41 / Implications --- p.41 / Chapter V. --- RESEARCH DESIGN --- p.42 / Objectives --- p.42 / Research Methodology --- p.42 / Focus Group Study --- p.43 / Descriptions --- p.43 / Findings --- p.44 / """Questionnaire on fast food shops"" Survey" --- p.45 / Descriptions --- p.45 / """Questionnaire on Wendy's"" Survey" --- p.46 / Descriptions --- p.46 / Chapter VI. --- FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS --- p.48 / """Questionnaire on fast food shops"" Survey" --- p.48 / Findings --- p.48 / Analysis --- p.51 / """Questionnaire on Wendy's"" Survey" --- p.53 / Findings --- p.53 / Analysis --- p.55 / Discussions with Crew Members and Customers --- p.56 / About the Shop --- p.56 / About the Menu --- p.56 / About the Food --- p.57 / Implications --- p.57 / Chapter VII. --- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR WENDY'S --- p.58 / Position --- p.58 / Target Customer --- p.59 / Pricing --- p.60 / Distribution --- p.60 / Advertising --- p.61 / Areas for Improvement --- p.61 / Chapter VIII. --- LIMITATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS --- p.62 / Limitations for the Study --- p.62 / Suggestions for Further Research --- p.63 / APPENDIX --- p.64 / Chapter 1 --- Questionnaire on fast food shops --- p.64 / Chapter 2 --- "Data of ""Questionnaire on fast food shops""" --- p.70 / Chapter 3 --- Questionnaire on Wendy's --- p.75 / Chapter 4 --- "Data of ""Questionnaire on Wendy's""" --- p.79 / Chapter 5 --- Test on Different Samples --- p.83 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.85

Theodor Adorno’s theory of listener regression describes the process by which music industry forces transform listeners from independent social creatures into passive, compliant consumers of musical product. Listener regression is the basis of the broader theory of culture industry consumer regression which Adorno later developed, by which the culture industry creates and reinforces the passive compliance of consumers of all cultural products. By further extension, it is my theory that listener regression is the key to understanding how the phenomenon of culture industry dominance over its consumers applies to the whole range of non-cultural as well as cultural consumer products. In the second chapter of this paper I discuss how listeners of music industry output are made to regress: through the standardization of musical form, the repetition which flows from standardization and the attention to musical detail which has no formal function. I consider those childhood traits which constitute listener regression. Freud’s theory of regression is discussed and distinguished. It is important to filter out the negativity which infuses much of Adorno’s writing on listener regression. That negativity arises arguably either from Adorno’s own acute musical perception which exceeds the average listener’s or from the era of growing totalitarianism in which he formed his views. That negativity unnecessarily clouds the significance of the relationship between the music industry and average listeners, between the larger culture industry and its consumers, and between the exponentially larger consumer industry and all consumers generally. Country music as the epitome of the kind of “popular music” which Adorno argues results in the regression of its listeners is the topic of the third chapter. I conclude that country music does meet Adorno’s criteria for listener regressive music. I also conclude that within the confines Adorno finds so soul-depriving is amazingly creative music and musicality which responds to some of humankind’s most basic needs. In the last chapter, I discuss music as a fundamental component of human society which responds to some deep social need. By showing us how one segment of the consumer industry has turned that need to its commercial benefit, Adorno’s theory can help show parallels with those profit-motivated forces within other segments of our consumer society, for instance with the manipulation of the basic need for sustenance by the fast-food industry. The paper concludes with a number of observations about the manipulative nature of the powerful commercial pressure put on us as consumers, and offers a suggestion or two for dealing with that pressure.

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Approximately 18% of adolescents are obese. Attitudes about Food is a cross sectional study that seeks to identify lifestyle factors associated with adolescent obesity such as fast food consumption, physical activity, attitudes about fast food, and weight perception. The novel aspect of this study is that it seeks to understand how the respondent perceives the health attitudes and behaviors of their closest friends. Subjects were recruited from four youth organizations for a total of 25 participants between the ages of 12-17 years. Respondents completed a 71 item questionnaire, and height and weight were measured by trained interviewers to calculate BMI. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 19.0), and hypotheses were assessed using correlation coefficients. Obese respondents were more likely than non0obese participants to consume at least three fast food meals in the last week (P < .05). Consuming fast food in the last week of the study was associated with exercising one hour a week or less (P < .01). Agreeing that eating fast food is fun was associated with BMI >= 85th percentile (P < .01). Reporting that friends think eating fast food is healthy was associated with eating fast food three or more times in the last week (P < .04) and exercising one hour a week or less (P < .01). Individuals who reported exercising at least four days a week were likely to agree with the statements "eating fast food will make me fat" (P < .03) and "will increase total fat" (p < .05). Finally, overweight adolescents were more likely to underestimate their weight status compared to normal weight and obese respondents. These findings indicate a clustering of risk factors for obesity. Frequent fast food consumption and infrequent physical activity were associated in the present study which could tip the scales of energy balance. Health professionals could focus on raising awareness of the overall diet quality of adolescents who frequently consume fast food while encouraging healthy, fun alternatives to fast food. Screening for overweight status and eliciting peer support for healthy eating are key elements in reducing adolescent obesity.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1994. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 193-207). Also available via the Internet.