Thesis (D.CA.)--University of Wollongong, 2003. / Typescript. Bibliographical references: leaf 124-129.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--College of Fine Arts, University of New South Wales, 2004. / Also available online.

Orientador: Bruto Max Pimentel Escobar / Resumo: Neste trabalho apresentamos um estudo detalhado do formalismo de Hamilton-Jacobi para sistemas singulares, fazendo sua generalização para sistemas com variáveis dinâmicas pertencentes à álgebra de Berezin. Analisamos, em especial, as condições de integrabilidade e sua relação com as condições de consistência no formalismo Hamiltoniano de Dirac. Por fim, estudamos o processo de quantização relacionado a esse formalismo, usualmente interpretado como uma quantificação relacionado a esse formalismo, usualmente interpretado como uma quantificação a "gauge livre", e os cuidados que devemos ter com esta interpretação. / Abstract: In this work we present a detailed study of the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism for singular systems, making its generalization for systems containing dynamical variables which belongs to the Berezin algebra. We analyse, with particular care, the integrability conditions and its relation with consistency conditions in Dirac's Hamiltonian formalism. Finally, we study the quantization process related to this formalism, usually interpreted as a "gauge free" quantization, and comment the necessity of caution with this interpretation. / Doutor

M.A. / Lestrade (1949) has already stated that the African people themselves regard traditional praise poems as the highest form of their literary art. Scholars such as Goma (1967), Kunene (1971) and Swanepoel (1983) have already highlighted some aspects concerning the "literariness" of Soho dithoko tsa marena. In this study, an attempt is made to highlight some of the literary features of dithoko within the literary framework established by the Russian Formalists almost a century ago. Focus is placed on the devices used by the traditional composer to create poetic' language, which is different from everyday communicative language. In the study an important vehicle used by traditional composers to create - literariness namely the application of allusion to violate normal language usage is investigated. The interaction between the so-called narrative lines in dithoko and events alluded to in the poems is discussed. Allusion and traditional beliefs are also focused on. The function of poetic devices such as metaphorical language, symbols and poetic diction is also investigated within the framework of the Formalists.

Consider a multidimensional shift space with a countably infinite alphabet, which serves in mathematical physics as a classical lattice gas or lattice spin system. A new definition of a Gibbs measure is introduced for suitable real-valued functions of the configuration space, which play the physical role of specific internal energy. The variational principle is proved for a large class of functions, and then a more restrictive modulus of continuity condition is provided that guarantees a function's Gibbs measures to be a nonempty, weakly compact, convex set of measures that coincides with the set of measures obeying a form of the DLR equations (which has been adapted so as to be stated entirely in terms of specific internal energy instead of the Hamiltonians for an interaction potential). The variational equilibrium measures for a such a function are then characterized as the shift invariant Gibbs measures of finite entropy, and a condition is provided to determine if a function's Gibbs measures have infinite entropy or not. Moreover the spatially averaged limiting Gibbs measures, i.e. constructive equilibria, are shown to exist and their weakly closed convex hull is shown to coincide with the set of true variational equilibrium measures. It follows that the "pure thermodynamic phases", which correspond to the extreme points in the convex set of equilibrium measures, must be constructive equilibria. Finally, for an even smoother class of functions a method is presented to construct a compatible interaction potential and it is checked that the two different structures generate the same sets of Gibbs and equilibrium measures, respectively.

It is a theorem of Denker and Urbański that if T:ℂ→ℂ is a rational map of degree at least two and if ϕ:ℂ→ℝ is Hölder continuous and satisfies the “thermodynamic expanding” condition P(T,ϕ) > sup(ϕ), then there exists exactly one equilibrium state μ for T and ϕ, and furthermore (ℂ,T,μ) is metrically exact. We extend these results to the case of a holomorphic random dynamical system on ℂ, using the concepts of relative pressure and relative entropy of such a system, and the variational principle of Bogenschütz. Specifically, if (T,Ω,P,θ) is a holomorphic random dynamical system on ℂ and ϕ:Ω→ ℋα(ℂ) is a Hölder continuous random potential function satisfying one of several sets of technical but reasonable hypotheses, then there exists a unique equilibrium state of (X,P,ϕ) over (Ω,Ρ,θ).

No description available.

Thesis (PhD (Physics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this dissertation we present, for the first time, a relativistic distorted wave impulse approximation formalism to describe quasielastic proton-nucleus scattering. We start from a full many-body description of the transition matrix element and show systematically how to derive the equivalent two-body form. This procedure allows for a clear and unambiguous method to introduce relativistic distorted waves. It is shown that the polarized double differential cross section may be written as the contraction of two tensors namely, the hadronic tensor (describing the projectile and ejectile), and the polarization tensor describing the target nucleus. The basic nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction is described by the SPVAT or IA1 representation of the NN scattering matrix. Analytical expressions are derived for the polarization tensor using a Fermi gas model for the target nucleus. The nuclear distortion effects on the projectile and ejectile are described using the relativistic eikonal formalism. The expression for the double differential cross section is a nine dimensional oscillatory integral and an efficient procedure is developed to calculate this quantity. Comparison of Gaussian, Monte Carlo and quasi-Monte Carlo numerical integration schemes reveal that for this work, Gaussian quadrature is best suited for this problem. Traditional Gaussian quadrature is used to generate single variable functions whereby these functions are used in combination with modern software such as MATLAB to complete the computation of the full multidimensional integral in a reasonable amount of time. Even though the calculation of the cross section for a single value of the energy transfer is still time consuming, the computational time can be decreased by spreading the calculational burden across a number of nodes in a cluster computing system. A test calculation is performed whereby a proton with incident laboratory energy of 400 MeV is scattered off a 40Ca target nucleus at θcm = 40◦. For this reaction we calculate the unpolarized double differential cross section, as well as a complete set of spin observables namely Ay, Dℓ′,ℓ, Ds′s, Dnn,Ds′ℓ and Dℓ′s. We find that the distortions lead to a reduction of the unpolarized double differential cross section. On the other hand the spin observables are complex entities which show no uniformity in behaviour. However, the differences between the distorted wave spin observables and that of the plane wave observables are minor and we conclude that distortions have little effect on spin observables. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie proefskrif bevat, vir die eerste keer, ’n relatiwistiese vervormdegolf impuls benadering formalisme vir die beskrywing van kwasielastiese proton-kern verstrooiing. Daar word aangetoon hoe om stapsgewys te gaan vanaf ’n veel-deeltjie beskrywing van die oorgangsmatriks element na die ekwivalente twee-deeltjie vorm. Hierdie metode laat toe dat die vervormde golwe op ’n duidelike en ondubbelsinnige manier ingevoer kan word. Daar word aangetoon dat die gepolariseerde dubbele differensiële kansvlak geskryf kan word as die kontraksie van twee tensore naamlik, die hadroniese tensor (wat die projektiel en uitgaande nukleon beskryf), sowel as die polarisasie tensor wat die kern beskryf. Die basiese kern-kern (NN) wisselwerking word beskryf deur gebruik te maak van die SPVAT of IA1 daarstelling van die NN verstrooiingsmatriks. Analitiese uitdrukkings word ook afgelei vir die polarisasie tensor binne die Fermi gas model. Die vervormdegolf beskrywing van die projektiel en uitgaande deeltjie word gedoen deur gebruik te maak van die eikonal vervormdegolf benadering. Die uitdrukking vir die ongepolariseerde dubbele differsieële kansvlak bevat ’n nege dimensioneële ossilatoriese integraal en ’n prakties-effektiewe prosedure is ontwikkel om hierdie waarneembare te bereken. Vegelyking van Gauss, Monte Carlo en kwasi-Monte Carlo numeriese integrasie tegnieke het uitgewys dat die Gauss integrasie tegniek die beste geskik is om die probleem op te los. Die gebruik van Gauss integrasie om funksies te bereken wat afhanklik is van net een veranderlike en dit te kombineer met moderne sagteware programme soos MATLAB laat ons toe om die gepolariseerde dubbele differensieële kansvlak te bekeren in ’n redelike tyd. Alhoewel die berekening van die kansvlak vir een waarde van die energie-oordrag nogsteeds tydrowend is, word dit bespoedig deur die berekeningslas te versprei oor ’n aantal nodusse in ’n rekenaarbondel sisteem. ’n Toets berekening word gedoen waarby ’n proton met inkomende laboratoriese energie van 400 MeV vanaf ’n 40Ca kern verstrooi word teen ’n hoek van θcm = 400. Vir hierdie reaksie word die ongepolariseerde dubbele differensieële kansvlak bereken sowel as ’n volledige stel spin waarneembares naamlik Ay, Dℓ′,ℓ, Ds′s, Dnn, Ds′ℓ en Dℓ′s. Daar word gevind dat die versteurings lei tot ’n afname in die differensieële kansvlak. Die spin waarneembares egter, is komplekse hoeveelhede wat geen univorme gedrag toon nie. Die verskil tussen die vervormde golf spin waarneembares en die van vlak golf waarneembares is minimaal en ons lei daarvan af dat spin waarneembares onsensitief is teen oor versteurings.

ABSTRACT FORMALISM AND ANTI-FORMALISM AS CONTINUITIES AND DISCONTINUITIES Agar, Aylin M. Arch., Department of Architecture Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Jale Nejdet Erzen September 2004, 137 pages When form is in consideration, there exist two seemingly distinct attitudes to form giving activity, which seem to be constantly in opposition, namely formalist and anti-formalist approaches. The aim of this study is to explore the sources of, and interactions and transformations between formalist and anti-formalist design processes, without overlooking the conventional formalist understanding. The intention is to find out how a tendency in architecture, which challenged the understanding of a pure, timeless, unchangeable, ideal form emerged as a new problematic of architectural form. In that respect, the discussion will be concentrating on some figures of both architectural theory and practice to reach an accumulation of a theoretical and practical knowledge on the issue, to disclose the true potential of architectural form in the contemporary world.

Denna studie syftar till att studera den rörliga bildens historia och relation till måleriet utifrån de två modernistiska konstnärliga rörelserna minimalism och abstrakt expressionism. / This study aims at understanding the history and relation between the moving image and two modernistic art movements, minimalism and abstract expressionism.