Thesis (M.C.S.)--Regent College, 2005. / Abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-118).

Thesis (M.A.)--Bowling Green State University, 2006. / Document formatted into pages; contains iv, 109 p. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.P.H.)--Georgia Southern University, 2006. / "A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Public Health" ETD. Includes bibliographical references (p. 54-58) and appendices.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-73).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2005. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 99-106).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Baylor University, 2005. / Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 205-219).

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This dissertation examines the role of the body in the theology and pastoral practice of Richard Greenham (c. 1540-1594). Contrary to those who find in puritanism a Platonizing disdain for the body, Greenham highly values the physical aspect of human nature. He spends much of his time and resources caring for corporeal needs. He gives generously to the poor, establishes a community co-operative to regulate the price of grain, and advises on the best ways to treat physical ailments. Furthermore, the body plays an integral role in his spirituality. In his renowned counseling, he ministers to both soul and body, and in his sermons and writings, he urges Christians to glorify God with their bodies in daily life and in corporate worship on the Sabbath. His understanding of the worth of the body arises from a theological basis. God creates and redeems whole people. God creates people as unions of bodies and souls, and Christ took on a complete human nature, including a body, in order to redeem his people in both body and soul. While death separates body from soul, the Son of God will resurrect the bodies of the dead, reuniting them with their souls, when he comes again. He will raise the godly to an everlasting, embodied, and glorified existence in the presence of God, but he will raise the ungodly to unceasing physical and spiritual torment. Greenham ministers holistically because he understands the Christian faith to concern not just the salvation of souls but the redemption of whole people.

The problem this research addresses is: How are people to deal with the dilemma of facing suffering in life with a body that offers restrictions both within itself and without? Can meaning be brought to the seemingly hopeless situation people find themselves in, that is, in the frailty of their lives/bodies? These and other questions arise when worshippers of God see themselves within the limited boundaries that their bodies hold for them physically, emotionally, socially and religiously. To ask these questions is to come to terms with the issue of pain and suffering of the human race in the face of a loving and caring God. Psalm 39, with its confessions of a suffering person, properly illustrates the point. Psalm 39 is analyzed by means of a socio-rhetorical approach with the emphasis on the inner, the social and cultural and the sacred textures of the text. The worshipper is characterized as a ‘holy person’ with a special relationship with Yahweh. He is also seen to have serious questions before God about life in general in the light of the severe distress/pain he experiences. He calls out for change within himself and his society. His experiences, attitude and behaviour may generically be applied to our lives today. God’s characterization has revealed that He initiates change as He deals with the root cause of the worshipper’s distress, his sin. The symbolization of God is significant in that, to a large extent, God is symbolized in this psalm in such a way as to fit the immediate needs of the worshipper. The struggle/tension that exists between the worshipper and God is a reality for us today and is a bodily issue. Often we are faced with similar difficult situations. God seems to be standing aloof while we experience severe distress that appear to originate from Him or that He allows. The answer offered by Psalm 39 is that balance in life can be found in understanding the frailty of life/the body, and experiencing the hope of salvation from Yahweh as a reality of life. / Prof. J.H. Coetzee

It has been widely accepted that a stationary human body, such as a person when sitting or standing, acts as a single degree of freedom (SDOF) system in structural vibration. However, it is not clear what form the SDOF model should take and what are the appropriate parameters for the model. The significance of considering human body models in structural vibration comes from the fact that human involvement affects the dynamic behaviour of the structure when a crowd is present and that human body response is different from structural vibration. This forms the basis of this study.This thesis presents both experimental and theoretical studies to develop human body models. It examines the characteristics of two interaction human body models, determines the parameters of the two body models in structural vibration and explores their applications.A continuous model of a standing human body in vertical vibrations is first developed using an anthropomorphic model and two available natural frequencies obtained from shaking table tests. A standing human body is represented as a bar with seven mass segments using the anthropomorphic model and two stiffnesses of the model are identified using the two natural frequencies. The relationships between the continuous model and discrete body models are provided.The masses, damping ratios and stiffnesses of two interaction body models are identified by curve fitting of the measured apparent mass curves from shaking table tests in published biomechanics studies. In this identification process it was identified that one or two conditions have to be applied which can be derived from the outcome of the continuous body model.The characteristics of human-structure interaction models are investigated using both theoretical and experimental Fourier Response Functions. The comparative studies based on 10 tests help to show that the interaction body model is more appropriate than the conventional body model used in structural vibration, and identify the appropriate parameters for the interaction model. The theoretical study shows that the response of stationary people is always larger than structural vibration when human loads are applied, such as walking, jumping and bouncing. The conditions for observing two resonance frequencies are provided graphically for a human-structure system where the interaction body model is used.A method is proposed to identify the parameters of the interaction model through 45 free vibration tests of a standing person on a test rig. The identified values of the natural frequency and damping ratio of a standing body are not close to those from the biomechanics tests. Sensitivity studies show that the two parameters are sensitive to the input data, the damped natural frequency and damping ratio of the human-structure system, which are obtained from free vibration tests.As an extension of the application of FRF and the human-structure model, the optimum parameters of a tuned-mass-damper are obtained based on the concept of equivalent damping ratio of a SDOF structure system. The results are tabulated for practical use. An example of floor vibration induced by rhythmic crowd loads is provided to demonstrate the use of the optimum TMDs and shows the effect of vibration reduction.This thesis entitled “Models of a Standing Human Body in Structural Vibration” is submitted to the University of Manchester by Qingwen Zhang for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in 2013.