There is a problem with determining rights to research data created or compiled in science research labs at Canadian universities. Unlike many copyright and patent issues that arise on university campuses, the law is unsettled with respect to rights to research data. This is primarily due to two factors: the uncertain legal status as to facts, which would include research data, and the differences in norms and academic traditions that exist. Some universities have implemented polices in an attempt to resolve the issue. However, the policy response has been confusing and inadequate. This thesis considers a new theoretical approach to the problem. The Coase Theorem is analyzed to determine what lessons can be applied to a university environment. The conclusion is that from the three main parties who would normally have claims to rights in research data – a professor, graduate student(s), or the university itself, the default rule should be to assign the initial ownership rights to the professor with a right of use to the graduate student(s), for research and publication required as part of her degree/program. The acquisition of additional rights would be the subject of negotiations between the parties.

My thesis is titled Modeling the Public Intellectual: The Case of Matthew Arnold. Matthew Arnold, arguably the most influential critic of his age (Trilling 190) has also proven to be an influential model for the public intellectual currently in Canada and elsewhere. The role and work of public intellectuals is complex and who or what they are is the topic of vigorous debate and sometimes extreme disagreement. Because Arnold is so influential and controversial as a literary and social critic, I want to develop and to communicate a better understanding of his achievements and to explore the connection between his work and the role of the public intellectual. To that end, I draw on three of his works, The Function of Criticism at the Present Time (1864), Culture and Anarchy (1869) and Literature and Dogma (1873). In the course of a decade, Arnold asserts and expands the role of criticism in society and the kinds of issues a poet, critic, and inspector of schools feels competent to address while defining his own personal version of the Victorian Sage (Holloway). I also want to explore why criticism produced in the nineteenth century, particularly in Arnolds work, promotes the figure and activities of the public intellectual. Moreover, I will reaffirm, via Arnolds example, the importance of the relationship between literature and life and show how this connection nourishes the idea of the public intellectual in the English-speaking world.

There is a problem with determining rights to research data created or compiled in science research labs at Canadian universities. Unlike many copyright and patent issues that arise on university campuses, the law is unsettled with respect to rights to research data. This is primarily due to two factors: the uncertain legal status as to facts, which would include research data, and the differences in norms and academic traditions that exist. Some universities have implemented polices in an attempt to resolve the issue. However, the policy response has been confusing and inadequate. This thesis considers a new theoretical approach to the problem. The Coase Theorem is analyzed to determine what lessons can be applied to a university environment. The conclusion is that from the three main parties who would normally have claims to rights in research data – a professor, graduate student(s), or the university itself, the default rule should be to assign the initial ownership rights to the professor with a right of use to the graduate student(s), for research and publication required as part of her degree/program. The acquisition of additional rights would be the subject of negotiations between the parties.

During September 2010, Google decided to change their trade mark policy to allow keywords which is equal to an already own trademark to be offered to all who intend to link the word to their ad. They offered a service for this called Adwords. The update followed since The Court Of Justice (CoJ) stated that Google does not commit trade mark infringement by doing this. The question to answer is whether the proprietors of trademarks can do something to stop them from being used by competitors as keywords in Adwords. CoJ has stated that the advertisers are infringing the exclusive right of a trademark if the used keyword is identical to the trademark, the commercial focuses on products that is identical to the products which are registered on the trademark and if the commercial makes it difficult or impossible to an average internet user to decide whether the products originate from the proprietor, a company which has a financial connection to the proprietor or a third party. If an advertiser limits the ad to contain commercial which focuses on their specific business and products it is most likely not possible for the proprietor to claim trade mark infringement. The opportunities to stop the advertising is found in the Swedish Marketing Act . This section of law prohibit so-called abuse of reputes and misleading marketing. In the case Blocket vs Metro it is tested whether Metro had conducted Abuse of Blockets repute by using the trademarked term "blocket". The Swedish Market Court (MD) stated without justification that some abuse of repute did not exist. The trade mark has, because of the policy change, reduced its value since the opportunities to protect a trade mark are still around but now the process is less efficient and more expensive. This however can be changed as soon as the possibility of “misleading advertising” is tested by the MD.

My thesis is titled Modeling the Public Intellectual: The Case of Matthew Arnold. Matthew Arnold, arguably the most influential critic of his age (Trilling 190) has also proven to be an influential model for the public intellectual currently in Canada and elsewhere. The role and work of public intellectuals is complex and who or what they are is the topic of vigorous debate and sometimes extreme disagreement. Because Arnold is so influential and controversial as a literary and social critic, I want to develop and to communicate a better understanding of his achievements and to explore the connection between his work and the role of the public intellectual. To that end, I draw on three of his works, The Function of Criticism at the Present Time (1864), Culture and Anarchy (1869) and Literature and Dogma (1873). In the course of a decade, Arnold asserts and expands the role of criticism in society and the kinds of issues a poet, critic, and inspector of schools feels competent to address while defining his own personal version of the Victorian Sage (Holloway). I also want to explore why criticism produced in the nineteenth century, particularly in Arnolds work, promotes the figure and activities of the public intellectual. Moreover, I will reaffirm, via Arnolds example, the importance of the relationship between literature and life and show how this connection nourishes the idea of the public intellectual in the English-speaking world.

Information system development (ISD) has long been treated as the process that system developers craft an artifact to support business operation based on their special expertise. However, a significant portion of projects still have failed because the developed outcome cannot fit users¡¦ needs. An emerging internal service concept indicates that, by treating ISD as one type of service, the requirement definition can be viewed as a knowledge integration process in which users and developers integrate their own knowledge to develop the new knowledge to counter problems faced by business. By incorporating this concept into research design and taking intellectual capital perspective into account, this study proposed a model to examine the antecedents and consequences of knowledge integration between users and developers. An empirical survey methodology is applied and we use PLS to test the research model. The results showed that user-IS developer knowledge integration can benefit project performance, and human capital, relational capital and structural capital increase the effectiveness of knowledge integration, indicating the important mediating role of knowledge integration. Furthermore, the result also found that the relational capital plays a moderating role between human capital and knowledge integration. In sum, differing form prior research that focused on separate and different perspective on user-IS developer knowledge integration, this study proposed a comprehensive model to explore the antecedents of knowledge integration. The implications toward academic and practitioner are also provided.

With the coming of knowledge economy, intellectual capital has become the most important sources of competitiveness. Because intellectual capital lacks uniform valuation and has nonconformity with the definition of GAAP intangible assets, most intellectual capital can¡¦t be presented in financial reports. If we can consider intellectual capital in business valuation, we can assess firm¡¦s intrinsic value more exactly. So this study is based on Ohlson (1995) model to examine the value relevance of human capital (human assets), structural capital (R&D assets) and relational capital (advertising assets). The empirical evidence shows that (1) human assets, R&D assets and advertising assets have significant positive relation with market value of firms, (2) the Ohlson (1995) model including the three assets components has greater value relevance, (3) the effect of human assets, R&D assets and advertising assets on business valuation are different among industries.

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During the nineteenth century higher education was an important part of the development of upper- and middle-class young men. College did not train young men for a career; rather it educated them in classical subjects and religion. Knowledge of Greek and Latin was considered a distinction of class, while religious training prepared young men for their anticipated role as the spiritual leader of their family. I focused my study of higher education and masculinity on Centre College, founded 1819. Using both school documents and personal papers of Centre students, I have developed a composite of Centre students, their parents, the administration and their attitudes towards manhood.