Corpus Christi College, Cambridge Ms 282 dates from the late fourteenth century and contains one of the six copies of the Mirror. The Mirror is an English translation of the Miroir, a series of Anglo-Norman verse sermons for Sundays and other liturgical occasions. The Miroir was written by one Robert of Gretham, probably during the early part of the thirteenth century. Excerpts from the Miroir and the Mirror have been published; for the Anglo-Norman there are a book length study and an edition of eight sermons, and for the English there is an unpublished edition of the introduction and first twelve sermons (Hunterian MS). We need complete editions of the Anglo-Norman and English works; it is unlikely that a critical edition of the English Mirror would be base upon, or even draw heavily upon, the Corpus Christi MS, and I have thought it worthwhile to examine at least part of that MS because it is one of the texts which preserve an early London-type dialect. This edition presents a reader’s edition of eight sermons. Notes and a glossary accompany the text; the notes make limited use of one of the MSS of the Miroir. The introduction considers such matters of palaeography etc. as it is possible to discuss when one is working from a microfilm copy; it then covers language (aspects of phonology, morphology, syntax, and vocabulary) and cites some analogues to the Miroir/Mirror. The introduction and the bibliography survey what has been written about the English work and its Anglo-Norman original.

Corpus Christi College, Cambridge Ms 282 dates from the late fourteenth century and contains one of the six copies of the Mirror. The Mirror is an English translation of the Miroir, a series of Anglo-Norman verse sermons for Sundays and other liturgical occasions. The Miroir was written by one Robert of Gretham, probably during the early part of the thirteenth century. Excerpts from the Miroir and the Mirror have been published; for the Anglo-Norman there are a book length study and an edition of eight sermons, and for the English there is an unpublished edition of the introduction and first twelve sermons (Hunterian MS). We need complete editions of the Anglo-Norman and English works; it is unlikely that a critical edition of the English Mirror would be base upon, or even draw heavily upon, the Corpus Christi MS, and I have thought it worthwhile to examine at least part of that MS because it is one of the texts which preserve an early London-type dialect. This edition presents a reader’s edition of eight sermons. Notes and a glossary accompany the text; the notes make limited use of one of the MSS of the Miroir. The introduction considers such matters of palaeography etc. as it is possible to discuss when one is working from a microfilm copy; it then covers language (aspects of phonology, morphology, syntax, and vocabulary) and cites some analogues to the Miroir/Mirror. The introduction and the bibliography survey what has been written about the English work and its Anglo-Norman original.

Corpus Christi College, Cambridge Ms 282 dates from the late fourteenth century and contains one of the six copies of the Mirror. The Mirror is an English translation of the Miroir, a series of Anglo-Norman verse sermons for Sundays and other liturgical occasions. The Miroir was written by one Robert of Gretham, probably during the early part of the thirteenth century. Excerpts from the Miroir and the Mirror have been published; for the Anglo-Norman there are a book length study and an edition of eight sermons, and for the English there is an unpublished edition of the introduction and first twelve sermons (Hunterian MS). We need complete editions of the Anglo-Norman and English works; it is unlikely that a critical edition of the English Mirror would be base upon, or even draw heavily upon, the Corpus Christi MS, and I have thought it worthwhile to examine at least part of that MS because it is one of the texts which preserve an early London-type dialect. This edition presents a reader’s edition of eight sermons. Notes and a glossary accompany the text; the notes make limited use of one of the MSS of the Miroir. The introduction considers such matters of palaeography etc. as it is possible to discuss when one is working from a microfilm copy; it then covers language (aspects of phonology, morphology, syntax, and vocabulary) and cites some analogues to the Miroir/Mirror. The introduction and the bibliography survey what has been written about the English work and its Anglo-Norman original.

This study provides a reconstruction of the development of the Germanic stress and syllabification system (as reflected in Gothic and Proto-Nordic) up to the completion of the quantity shift in Late Old Swedish. By means of current prosodic theory it is established that a domain of two moras wordinitially is present at all stages of development, in Gothic, Old English and Proto-Nordic as well as in Modem Swedish. It is argued that this domain is the linguistic instantiation of word minimality, referred to as the bimoraic condition. The bimoraic condition is interpreted over different prosodic categories - the prosodic word, the foot and finally the main-stress syllable - at different language stages. This development reflects the transition from a quantity system permitting light and overlong syllables to a system where the main-stress syllable is obligatorily heavy. Various prosodically conditioned changes and processes take place in the early Germanic dialects. New explanations are proposed for several of them in terms of prosodic theory. The vowel/glide alternation (Sievers’s law) in Gothic is derived from regular syllabification of the archiphonemes III and /U/. Syncope in Proto-Nordic (corresponding to high vowel deletion in Old English) is analysed as mora-deletion in metrically weak positions. Vowel shortening and nasal loss are also analyzed as mora-deletion following destressing under stress clash. The long-standing problem of delayed syncope (in Proto-Nordic) or absence of syncope (in Old English) in light stems is explained as a minimal word effect. The deletion rule in the so called second syncope period in Proto-Nordic is a case of vowel deletion (not mora-deletion). The patterning known as vowel balance is analyzed as the result of interaction between the general trend of reduction and the development of a particular balance prosody. In balance prosody one main-stress position (a unipositional foot) dominates two light syllables. This prosody is directly reflected as level stress on the surface. Rules that relate directly to the metrical configuration of balance are vowel strengthening (läsa > läså ’to read’), and vowel levelling (läså > låså). The latter rule is rendered as parametrized projection of features onto the stress unit, and the vowel patterns of vowel levelling are thereby given a principled description. Finally, the quantity shift in Old Swedish is discussed in detail. Balance - argued to be a Scandinavian innovation - is shown to be directly linked to the quantity shift. The loss of balance necessarily leads to the implementation of the quantity shift. Moreover, it is argued that the particular Central Scandinavian lengthening pattern involving both vowel and consonant lengthening (in roughly complementary contexts) is due to the (former) presence of balance. Finally, the theory predicts that the Modem Swedish quantity system emerging after the quantity shift depends on distinctive consonant quantity, rather than distinctive vowel quantity.

Preaspiration—the production of glottal friction at the juncture of a vowel and a consonant—appears to be typologically rare but is an areal linguistic feature of Northwestern Europe. This study contains a survey of the known geographical spread of preaspirated stops, their phonological distribution and phonetic expressions in some Nordic dialects. The study also suggests a reconstruction of the phonetics of the Proto-Nordic stop contrasts based on synchronic data as well as a more general framework of historical sound change. Following an introduction (Chapter 1), Chapter 2 deals with the definition and typology of preaspiration presenting a global overview of the known geographical spread of preaspiration. The apparent rarity of preaspiration is considered. Proposed, perceptually based explanations of this rarity are evaluated. Chapter 3 offers a fairly detailed account of the known areal spread of preaspiration in Europe. Stop systems of several dialects in which preaspiration occurs are analysed in terms of voicing conditions. These analyses are based mainly on descriptions provided in the dialectological literature. Chapter 4 presents data on durational variation and other phonetic patterns of stop production in Central Standard Swedish, Tórshavn Faroese, Gräsö Swedish and Western Åland Swedish. The results reveal a greater degree of phonetic variation than has been assumed to date. In particular, speakers of Central Standard Swedish are shown to use preaspiration as a regular feature in their voiceless stop production. In Chapter 5, finally, the results of the data analysis are used in an attempt to reconstruct the phonetic expression of stop contrasts in Proto-Nordic. It is argued that Proto-Nordic stop production was largely similar to the stop production of today’s Central Standard Swedish. As regards phonological structure, however, the Proto-Nordic stop contrasts appear to have been largely preserved in all dialects considered. This conclusion is found to be compatible with an expansion/contraction (E/C) model of historical sound change. / <p>För att köpa boken skicka en beställning till exp@ling.su.se/ To order the book send an e-mail to exp@ling.su.se</p>

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I den här uppsatsen avser jag att undersöka fem sfi-läromedels sätt att presentera samhällskonstruktionen familj. Med tanke på att de texter som står i läromedlen kan vara den enda text en elev läser om Sverige kan läromedlet ha stor påverkan på elevens bild av Sverige. Att Sverige har en hög tolerans för t.ex. samkönade äktenskap, samboskap och skilsmässor gör det intressant att studera vad som skildras i läromedlen. Kan man se att läromedlen förändras över tid i takt med att samhället har förändrats? Mina undersökta läromedel sträcker sig från en period från 1989 till 2016 och visar upp stor skillnad i skildringen av familjen. I det äldsta läromedlet från 1989 är beskrivningen mycket mer traditionell. Läromedlet från 1991 har istället valt att presentera familjen med många litterära texter som utspelar sig i olika länder. De övriga läromedlen skildrar däremot många olika sätt som människor lever på idag.

El español es el idioma moderno que la mayoría de los alumnos suecos prefieren estudiar en la escuela secundaria y en el bachillerato. Debido a la falta de profesores de español, las escuelas suecas han estado obligadas a emplear profesores no titulados para cubrir la demanda. Esto ha llevado a que los alumnos obtengan bajos resultados académicos, la falta de motivación de estos y a que muchos abandonen sus estudios. Según el resultado de un estudio europeo, los alumnos suecos tienen un mejor dominio del inglés, a la vez que muestran los peores índices de dominio del español en toda la Unión Europea (ESLC, Commission of the European Communities, 2012). Este estudio se enfoca en ver cómo funcionan las clases de español desde la perspectiva de los alumnos que están estudiando su último semestre y exalumnos que han terminado sus estudios. Los datos extraídos de las entrevistas y encuestas muestran que los alumnos suecos dedican bastante tiempo a hacer ejecicios repetitivos de gramática y a memorizar el vocabulario durante las clases de español, además de que raramente hablan la lengua meta en las clases y en la vida cotidiana, lo cual afecta negativamente la motivación y el dominio del idioma.

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This qualitative study aims to investigate how gender is reflected through language in the two superhero movies Wonder Woman and Man of Steel. Emphasis is put on five linguistic markers that have been found to differ between female and male speakers. These markers are: amount of speech, interruptions, questions, minimal responses and hedges. The analysis investigates the transcribed “cross-sex” conversation between the superhero and his or her companion in each movie. The findings reveal that even though it is difficult to detect any clear patterns, there are correlations with previous research regarding the markers amount of speech, interruptions and questions. These correlations show that the conversations to some extent reflect results from earlier studies concluding that men speak and interrupt more, whereas women ask more questions. No notable difference was detected regarding the use of hedges and minimal responses. Although some time has passed between the publication of several studies regarding these five linguistic markers and the selected movies, the results show correlation between the findings on men- and women’s language use.